Ethnic names and place-names listed with phonological/orthographic notes on accentuation of adjectives ending in -ιος, -σιος, -τιος; examples and citations.
ὁμοίως καὶ Φιλοστέφανός φησι καὶ ἄλλοι. Θίβιος ἔθνος πρὸς τῷ Πόντῳ βασκαντικὸν καὶ φθοροποιόν, ὡς Δίδυμος ἐν δευτέρῳ συμποσιακῶν «θανατοῖ δὲ τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτῶν οἷς ἂν πλησιάζῃ. καὶ τὰ σώματα αὐτῶν εἰς θάλασσαν ῥιφέντα οὐ καταδύουσιν». Εὔβιος ἔθνος Λιγυστικόν. Γάβιοι πόλις Λατίνων καὶ ἐθνικόν, ὡς Διονύσιος ἐν τετάρτῳ Ῥωμαϊκῆς ἀρχαιολογίας. Τάβιοι πόλις Ἰταλίας, ἐν ᾗ οἱ περὶ Ῥέμον ἐπαιδεύθησαν. καὶ τὸ ἐθνικὸν ὁμοίως. Τολοστόβιος ἔθνος Γαλατῶν ἑσπερίων μετοικησάντων ἐκ τῆς Κελτογαλατίας εἰς Βιθυνίαν. Ἐρατοσθένης δ´ ἐν πρώτῳ Γαλατικῶν Τολιστοβωγίους αὐτούς φησιν. Ἀράζιος, Σαβάζιος, Ἀκάνθιος, ἀφ´ οὗ «Ἀκάνθιος τέττιξ» ἐπὶ τῶν ἀφώνων, τοιοῦτοι γὰρ οἱ τῆς χώρας τέττιγες, ὡς Σιμωνίδης. Σαλάμιος ἔθνος Ἀράβων. σάλαμα δὲ ἡ εἰρήνη. ὠνομάσθησαν δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἔνσπονδοι γενέσθαι τοῖς Ναβαταίοις. Κράνιοι πόλις ἐν Κεφαλληνίᾳ τῇ νήσῳ. Δανδάριος ἔθνος περὶ τὸν Καύκασον, ὡς Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ. Σαγγάριος ἔθνος τῆς κάτω Φρυγίας ὁμωνύμως τῷ ποταμῷ. Ψυκτήριος τόπος ἐν Θρᾴκῃ, ἀπὸ Ἡρακλέους ἀναψύξαντος τὸν ἱδρῶτα ἐν τῷ καταπαλαῖσαι τὸν Ἀδραμύλην, καθώς φησιν Ἀπολλώνιος ἐν Κνίδου κτίσει. καὶ τὸ ἐθνικὸν ὁμοφώνως. Βάντιος ἔθνος Θρᾴκης. Ἑκαταῖος. Μαράφιος ἔθνος ἐν Περσίδι ἀπὸ Μαραφίου βασιλέως. Τηλέφιος δῆμος Λυκίας. Μέναιχμος γάρ φησιν ὅτι «ἀπὸ ἑπτὰ σταδίων Πατάρων Τηλέφου κρήνη δείκνυται διὰ τὸ Τήλεφον ἀπονίψασθαι ἐκεῖ τὸ τραῦμα, θολερὰν δὲ εἶναι. ἔστι καὶ δῆμος Τηλέφιος». Ὑπαιλόχιοι ἔθνος Μολοσσικόν. Ῥιανὸς ἐν τετάρτῳ Θεσσαλικῶν. Αἰδήψιος. Καλλίμαχος Ἑκάλῃ «ἄρκιος ἢ χείρεσσιν ἑλὼν Αἰδήψιον ἄορ». Λυκάψιος, Γαλήψιος. τὸ δὲ χαραδριός ὀξύνεται καὶ θαλαμιός ὁ κωπηλάτης. Τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰς 'ος' διὰ τοῦ 'ιος' προπαροξύνεται συνεσταλμένου τοῦ 'ι', εἰ μὴ τριβράχεα ἐπὶ κυρίων εἴη, πολέμιος, ποτάμιος καὶ παραποτάμιος ὡς Παρακηφίσιος καὶ προσωκεάνιος. Διονύσιος ὁ Ἁλικαρνασσεὺς ἐν τῇ ιθʹ τῆς Ῥωμαϊκῆς ἀρχαιολογίας «Λιβύην χειρωσάμενος μέχρι καὶ τῶν παρωκεανίων ἐθνῶν». παρηγμένα ἐκ δύο εἰς ἕν. μίσθιος, ῥύθμιος, φίλιος, ξένιος, δήμιος. Κλυτίος δὲ τὸ κύριον παροξύνεται. Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'σιος' καὶ 'τιος' προπαροξύνονται, εἰ μὴ κύρια εἴη καὶ τριβράχεα, ἀσπάσιος, πρυμνήσιος. Ταυλάντιος Ἰλλυρικὸν ἔθνος. Εὐφορίων δὲ μετὰ τοῦ 'ν' Ταυλαντίνους αὐτούς φησι. θαλάττιος, διπλάσιος, Ταράσιος, ἀμβρόσιος, ἱκέσιος, ἀνάρσιος, Ἐφέσιος.
Likewise Philostephanus says so too, and others. Θίβιος: a people by the Pontus, malignant and destructive, as Didymus says in the second book of his Symposiaca: “their breath kills those whom it approaches; and their bodies, when thrown into the sea, do not sink.” Εὔβιος: a Ligystic people. Γάβιοι: a city of the Latins, and the ethnic name, as Dionysius says in the fourth book of the Roman Antiquities. Τάβιοι: a city of Italy, in which those about Remus were educated; and the ethnic name likewise. Τολοστόβιος: a people of the western Gauls who migrated from Celtogalatia into Bithynia; but Eratosthenes in the first book of his Galatica says that they are Τολιστοβώγιοι. Ἀράζιος, Σαβάζιος, Ἀκάνθιος, from which comes “Ἀκάνθιος τέττιξ” of the voiceless (cicadas), for such are the cicadas of the region, as Simonides says. Σαλάμιος: a people of Arabs; and σάλαμα means “peace.” They were named from having become in treaty-relationship with the Nabataeans. Κράνιοι: a city in the island Cephallenia. Δανδάριος: a people about the Caucasus, as Hecataeus says in his Europa. Σαγγάριος: a people of Lower Phrygia, bearing the same name as the river. Ψυκτήριος: a place in Thrace, from Heracles’ cooling his sweat there when he had wrestled down Adramyles, as Apollonius says in the Foundation of Cnidus; and the ethnic name with the same sound. Βάντιος: a people of Thrace—Hecataeus. Μαρὰφιος: a people in Persis, from king Maraphios. Τηλέφιος: a deme of Lycia; for Men(a)echmus says that “at a distance of seven stades from Patara a spring of Telephus is pointed out, because Telephus washed his wound there, and it is turbid; and there is also a deme Τηλέφιος.” Ὑπαιλόχιοι: a Molossian people—Rhiannus in the fourth book of his Thessalica. Αἰδήψιος. Callimachus in the Hecale: “either a bear, or with his hands he took the Αἰδήψιος sword.” Λυκάψιος, Γαλήψιος. But χαραδριός is accented with an acute, and θαλαμιός, “the oarsman.” Words formed from those in -ος by means of -ιος are accented on the antepenult, with the ι contracted, unless they are tribrachs among proper names: πολέμιος, ποτάμιος, and παραποτάμιος, as Παρακηφίσιος and προσωκεάνιος. Dionysius of Halicarnassus in the nineteenth book of the Roman Antiquities: “having subdued Libya as far as even the peoples by the Ocean.” Derivatives compounded from two into one: μίσθιος, ῥύθμιος, φίλιος, ξένιος, δήμιος. But Κλυτίος, the proper name, is accented on the penult. Words in -σιος and -τιος are accented on the antepenult, unless they are proper names and tribrachs: ἀσπάσιος, πρυμνήσιος. Ταυλάντιος: an Illyrian people; but Euphorion says that they are Ταυλαντίνους, with ν. θαλάττιος, διπλάσιος, Ταρὰσιος, ἀμβρόσιος, ἱκέσιος, ἀνάρσιος, Ἐφέσιος.