Lists various ethnonyms and place-names (Ainian, Ainieis, Melieis, Parsii, Acarnan, Arktan, Atintan, Brahman, Gindan, Dyman, Enchelanes, Eurytan, etc.) and notes morphological rules for words ending in -αν (compounds, accent/phonetic behavior; examples: Alkman, Lukan, Paian, Porthan).
Αἰνιάν ἔθνος Πεῤῥαιβῶν· λέγονται δὲ καὶ Αἰνιεῖς. ἐκαλοῦντο δὲ καὶ Μηλιεῖς οἱ αὐτοί. Στράβων δὲ ἐν τῇ ἑνδεκάτῃ (p. 508) φησὶν ἐν τῷ Πόντῳ Αἰνιᾶνας ἄλλους εἶναι, οὓς καλεῖσθαι νῦν Παρσίους· καὶ εἰ μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ κυρίου Αἰνιᾶνος γέγονεν, εὔλογος ἡ ὁμοφωνία αὐτοῦ ὡς τὸ Τρώς καὶ Ἀχαιός μὴ ὁμοφωνοῦντος τοῦ Τευκρός καὶ Γραικός· εἰ δὲ παρὰ τὴν πόλιν Αἰνίαν, εὑρεθήσεται πρότερον Αἴνιος ὡς τῆς Λυκίας Λύκιος, εἶτα διὰ τὴν ὁμοφωνίαν τοῦ ποταμοῦ πρὸς διάκρισιν Αἰνιάν γενέσθαι ὡς μέγιστος μεγιστάν καὶ ἄλκιμος Ἀλκιμάν ὅθεν ὁ Ἀλκμάν, καὶ νέος νεάν, ὅθεν ἡ νεᾶνις καὶ νεανίας. Ἀκαρνάν ὁ ἥρως καὶ ἔθνος πρὸς τῷ Ἀχελῴῳ. Ἀρκτάν ἔθνος Ἠπειρωτικόν. Ῥιανὸς ἐν τετάρτῃ Θεσσαλικῶν. Ἀτιντάν υἱὸς Μακεδόνος καὶ ἔθνος Μακεδονίας. Βραχμάν Ἰνδικὸν ἔθνος σοφώτατον, οὓς καὶ Βράχμας καλοῦσιν. Γινδάν ἔθνος Λιβυκὸν λωτοφάγον «οἳ τὸν καρπὸν μόνον τοῦ λωτοῦ ἐσθίοντες ζῶσι» (Herodot. IV, 177). Δυμάν ὁ υἱὸς Αἰγιμίου, ὡς Ἔφορος αʹ «Αἰγίμιος γὰρ ἦν τῶν περὶ Οἴτην Δωριέων βασιλεύς. ἔσχε δὲ δύο παῖδας Πάμφυλον καὶ Δυμᾶνα καὶ τὸν τοῦ Ἡρακλέους Ὕλλον ἐποιήσατο τρίτον, χάριν ἀποδοὺς ἀνθ´ ὧν Ἡρακλῆς ἐκπεπτωκότα κατήγαγεν.» καὶ Δυμᾶνες φυλὴ Δωριέων. Ἐγχελᾶνες ἔθνος Ἰλλυρίας οἱ αὐτοὶ τοῖς Ἐγχελέαις, ὡς Μνασέας ἐν γʹ τῶν περιηγήσεων. λέγεται δὲ Ἐγχελέαι ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἐγχελέης ἢ Ἐγχελέας· λέγονται δὲ καὶ Ἐγχελεῖς ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἐγχελής ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἐγχελεύς. Εὐρυτάν ἔθνος Αἰτωλικόν. Λυκόφρων «μάντιν δὲ νεκρὸν Εὐρυτὰν στέψει λεώς» (v. 799). Λυκάν ἐκ τοῦ Λυκάων κατὰ συγκοπὴν ὡς Ἰάν ἐκ τοῦ Ἰάων. Φαράν πόλις μεταξὺ Αἰγύπτου καὶ Ἀραβίας. Ἀρετάν ποταμὸς Κροτωνιάδος χώρας παρὰ τὴν Ἀρέταν τὴν γυναῖκα Ἀλκίμου, ἧς περιῤῥεῖ τὸ μνῆμα, ὡς μαρτυρεῖ Φιλοστέφανος. Τὰ εἰς 'αν' σύνθετα ἀπὸ ἁπλῶν ῥητῶν πάντα βαρύνονται οἷον εὐπαίαν, Αἰγίπαν, Ἑρμόπαν, Ἀντίπαν, Εὐήπαν, Τιτανόπαν, Αἰνοτίταν. τὸ δὲ καρβάν ὀξύνεται καὶ ὅσα μὴ ἀπὸ ἁπλῶν ῥητῶν. Τὰ εἰς 'αν' λήγοντα ἢ καθαρεύειν ἐθέλει ὡς τὸ Παιάν Ἰάν ἢ ἓν ἔχειν σύμφωνον πρὸ τοῦ 'α' ὡς τὸ Λυκάν Ἀζάν, ἢ δύο καὶ ταῦτα ἢ κατὰ σύλληψιν ὡς τὸ ἰδμάν μεγιστάν ἢ κατὰ διάστασιν ὡς τὸ Πορθάν Πελλάν, οὐδέποτε δὲ τρία· σεσημείωται τὸ Ἀλκμάν ἔχον τρία
The Ainianes, a people of the Perrhaebians; they are also called Αἰνιεῖς. The same people were also called Μηλιεῖς. Strabo in the eleventh book (p. 508) says that in Pontus there are other Αἰνιᾶνες, who are now called Παρσίοι; and if it has arisen from the proper name Αἰνιᾶνος, the identity of sound is reasonable, as Τρώς and Ἀχαιός, though Τευκρός and Γραικός do not have identity of sound; but if it is from the city Αἰνία, one will find first Αἴνιος, as from Λυκία comes Λύκιος, and then, because of the identity of sound of the river, for the sake of distinction it came to be Αἰνιάν, as from μέγιστος comes μεγιστάν and from ἄλκιμος comes Ἀλκιμάν, whence ὁ Ἀλκμάν, and from νέος comes νεάν, whence ἡ νεᾶνις and νεανίας. Ἀκαρνάν, the hero, and a people by the Achelous. Ἀρκτάν, an Epirote people. Rhianus in the fourth book of the Thessalica. Ἀτιντάν, son of Macedon, and a people of Macedonia. Βραχμάν, an Indian people, most wise, whom they also call Βράχμας. Γινδάν, a Libyan lotus-eating people: “who, eating only the fruit of the lotus, live” (Herodot. IV, 177). Δυμάν, the son of Aegimius, as Ephorus book 1: “For Aegimius was king of the Dorians around Oeta. And he had two children, Pamphylus and Dymanes, and he made Hyllus, the son of Heracles, a third, repaying a favor in return for the fact that Heracles brought him back when he had been driven out.” And the Δυμᾶνες are a tribe of the Dorians. Ἐγχελᾶνες, a people of Illyria, the same as the Ἐγχελέαι, as Mnaseas says in book 3 of the Periegeses. And Ἐγχελέαι is said to be from Ἐγχελέης or Ἐγχελέας; and they are also called Ἐγχελεῖς, either from Ἐγχελής or from Ἐγχελεύς. Εὐρυτάν, an Aetolian people. Lycophron: “and the people will crown the dead seer Εὐρυτάν” (v. 799). Λυκάν, by syncope from Λυκάων, as Ἰάν from Ἰάων. Φαράν, a city between Egypt and Arabia. Ἀρετάν, a river of the territory of Croton, named after Ἀρέτα, the wife of Alcimus, whose tomb it flows around, as Philostephanus testifies. All compounds in -αν formed from simple verbal stems are barytone, for example εὐπαίαν, Αἰγίπαν, Ἑρμόπαν, Ἀντίπαν, Εὐήπαν, Τιτανόπαν, Αἰνοτίταν; but καρβάν is oxytone, and so are as many as are not from simple verbal stems. Words ending in -αν either wish to be “pure” (i.e. have no consonant before the α), as Παιάν, Ἰάν, or to have one consonant before the α, as Λυκάν, Ἀζάν, or two—and these either by consonant-cluster (σύλληψις), as ἰδμάν, μεγιστάν, or by separation (διάστασις), as Πορθάν, Πελλάν—but never three; the form Ἀλκμάν, having three, is noted as exceptional.