σύμφωνα καὶ κατὰ σύλληψιν καὶ κατὰ διάστασιν· καὶ δηλονότι πλεονασμὸς ἐγένετο συμφώνου ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι· εἰ γὰρ παρὰ τὴν ἀκμήν ἐγένετο, πεπλεόνακε τὸ 'λ', εἰ δὲ παρὰ τὴν ἀλκήν, πεπλεόνακε τὸ 'μ'· εἰ δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἄλκιμος, ἐν συγκοπῇ γέγονεν· τῷ γὰρ κύριον εἶναι τὸ ὄνομα οὐκ εὐθύνεται ὑπὸ τοῦ σημαινομένου. Τὰ εἰς 'αν' οὐ παραλήγονται τῇ 'ει' διφθόγγῳ οἷον Ἀλκμάν, Παιάν· τὸ γὰρ Ἀργειάν, ἔστι δὲ ὄνομα ὄρους Μεσσηνίας, ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀργεῖος ἔχει τὴν δίφθογγον. Τὰ εἰς 'ην' λήγοντα μὴ συντεθειμένα ἀπὸ τῶν εἰς 'ην' ῥητῶν, εἰ ἔχοι πρὸ τοῦ 'ην' δασὺ σύμφωνον ἢ ψιλόν, ὀξύνεσθαι θέλει οἷον ἀχήν, λειχήν, αὐχήν, Κηφήν ἀπὸ Κηφέως τοῦ πατρὸς Ἀνδρομέδας ὁ Αἴθιοψ, Ὀρφήν. in huiuscemodi tamen terminatione (sc. 'ευς') quae- dam inveniuntur mutatione <eus> diphthongi in <es> longam prolata ut Ἀχιλλεύς Achillēs, Περσεύς Persēs, Οὐλιξεύς Ulixēs, in quo Doris sequimur, qui pro Φυλεύς Φύλης, pro Ὀρφεύς Ὄρφης et Ὀρφήν di- cunt, pro Τυδεύς Τύδης. Sic Antimachus in I Thebaidos: «Τύδης τ´ Οἰνείδης» et vocatinum in <e productam:> «τὸν καὶ φωνήσας προσέφης, Οἰνήϊε Τύδη» teste Herodiano, qui hoc ponit in I Catholicorum. similiter Ibycus ὀνομακλυτὸς Ὀρφήν dixit (Priscian. lib. VI c. 92 p. 276 Hertz.). Κωφήν πόλις οὐκ ἄπωθεν Μασσαγετῶν, ἣ καὶ Ἀραχωσία καλεῖται. Τὰ εἰς 'ην' ἔχοντα ἐν τῇ πρὸ τέλους συλλαβῇ τὸ 'α' ἤτοι μόνον ἢ καὶ σὺν ἑτέρῳ φωνήεντι δισύλλαβα ὀξύνεται, εἰ μὴ ἔχοι οὐδετέρου
They are consonant both by coalescence and by separation; and plainly a pleonasm of a consonant has arisen in the noun. For if it arose from ἀκμή, the ‘λ’ has been added; but if from ἀλκή, the ‘μ’ has been added; and if from ἄλκιμος, it has come about by syncope; for, since the noun is a proper name, it is not regulated by the thing signified.
Words ending in -αν do not have the penult with the diphthong ει, as Ἀλκμάν, Παιάν; for Ἀργειάν—this is the name of a mountain of Messenia—has the diphthong from Ἀργεῖος.
Words ending in -ην, not compounded from the -ην “spoken” forms, if they have before -ην an aspirate consonant or a smooth one, tend to be accented with an acute, as ἀχήν, λειχήν, αὐχήν, Κηφήν (from Κηφεύς, the father of Andromeda), the Ethiopian, Ὀρφήν.
In this sort of ending, however (sc. -εύς), certain forms are found with the diphthong -ευς changed and lengthened to long -ης, as Ἀχιλλεύς Achillēs, Περσεύς Persēs, Οὐλιξεύς Ulixēs; in which we follow the Doric, who say Φύλης for Φυλεύς, Ὄρφης and Ὀρφήν for Ὀρφεύς, and Τύδης for Τυδεύς. Thus Antimachus in the first book of the Thebaid: «Τύδης τ’ Οἰνεΐδης», and the vocative with -η lengthened: «τὸν καὶ φωνήσας προσέφης, Οἰνήϊε Τύδη», as Herodian testifies, who sets this down in the first book of the Catholic [Treatise]. Likewise Ibycus said ὀνομακλυτὸς Ὀρφήν (Priscian, book VI, ch. 92, p. 276 Hertz.).
Κωφήν is a city not far from the Massagetae, which is also called Arachosia.
Disyllables ending in -ην that have in the syllable before the last α, either alone or together with another vowel, are accented with an acute, unless they have a neuter …