Discussion of place-names and ethnonyms (Istrus, Tiryzos/Tirizibanoi, Krobuzos, Lokozos, Ξάνθος, Κάττουζος) and stress/accentuation patterns for words and endings (trisyllables, -θος disyllables, examples like μῦθος, Ζῆθος, Ξοῦθος, Βοῦθος, στρουθός), with citations to Hecataeus, Ktesias, Hesiod, notes on orthography and accent behavior.
Ἴστρου. Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ. Τίριζος ἔθνος Παφλαγονίας. Κτησίας δὲ Τιριζιβανοὺς αὐτούς φησιν ἐν τῷ δευτέρῳ «ἐκ δὲ τῶν Ὀδρυσῶν εἰς Τιριζιβανοὺς οἰκοῦντας ἐν Παφλαγονίᾳ». Κρόβυζος ἔθνος πρὸς νότου ἀνέμου τοῦ Ἴστρου. Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ. Λόκοζος πόλις Φρυγίας. Ξάνθος δὲ ὁ Λυδὸς διὰ τοῦ 'ξ' γράφει. Κάττουζος ἔθνος Θρᾴκης. τὰ δὲ τριγενῆ καὶ τὰ ἀπὸ ἐπιρρημάτων ὀξύνεται, πεζός, χθιζός, πρωϊζός. σεσημείωται τὸ μαζός, ὅτι μονογενὲς ὂν ὀξύνεται. μήποτε οὖν ἀναλογώτεροι οἱ Ἴωνες μαστὸν λέγοντες. Τὰ εἰς 'θος' λήγοντα καθαρὰ μονογενῆ δισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα φύσει μακρᾷ βαρύνεσθαι θέλει, κῶθος, οὕτως ὁ κωβίος, μῦθος, Ζῆθος, Σῆθος ποταμὸς Σκυθίας ὡς Φιλοστέφανος, Ξοῦθος τὸ κύριον «Δῶρός τε Ξοῦθός τε» (Hesiod. fr. XXXII Goettl.). Βοῦθος Πύθια νικήσας. παροιμία Βοῦθος περιφοιτᾷ, Κρατῖνος Χείρωσι. τάττεται δὲ ἐπὶ τῶν εὐήθων καὶ παχυρίνων. Νοῦθος κύριον, καὶ ψόφος, ἣν οἶδεν Ἡσίοδος ἐν τρίτῳ νοῦθος δὲ ποδῶν ὑπόδουπος ὀρώρει· Λῆθος ὄνομα κύριον. σημειῶδες ἄρα τὸ στρουθός ὀξυνόμενον· Χαῖρις δέ φησιν Ἀττικοὺς βαρύνειν τὸ ὄνομα, ὡς καὶ Τρύφων μέμνηται ἐν δευτέρῳ περὶ Ἀττικῆς προσῳδίας. ἴσως μέντοι παρήλλαξε τῶν προκειμένων, ἐπεὶ καὶ ἀρσενικῶς λέγεται καλοὶ δέ ς´ ἆγον ὠκέες στρουθοί καὶ θηλυκῶς αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ κατὰ τέκν´ ἔφαγε στρουθοῖο καὶ αὐτήν (Β 326). Τὰ εἰς 'θος' δισύλλαβα μονογενῆ ἔχοντα τὴν πρὸ τέλους συλλαβὴν εἰς σύμφωνον καταλήγουσαν βαρύνεται. πτόρθος, γόνθος ὁ κόγχος,
Of the Ister. Hecataeus in his Europe. Τίριζος, a people of Paphlagonia. But Ctesias says that they are Τιριζιβανοί in the second book: “and from the Odrysians to the Τιριζιβανοί dwelling in Paphlagonia.” Κρόβυζος, a people by the Ister toward the south wind. Hecataeus in his Europe. Λόκοζος, a city of Phrygia; but Xanthus the Lydian writes it with ξ. Κάττουζος, a people of Thrace.
Triform words and those derived from adverbs are accented with an acute: πεζός, χθιζός, πρωϊζός. μαζός is noted as exceptional, because, though it is of one form, it is accented with an acute. Perhaps, then, the Ionians are more in accordance with analogy when they say μαστόν.
The pure disyllables of one form ending in -θος, with the penult naturally long, ought to be accented with a grave: κῶθος; likewise κωβίος; μῦθος; Ζῆθος; Σῆθος, a river of Scythia, as Philostephanus says; Ξοῦθος, the proper name: “both Δῶρος and Ξοῦθος” (Hesiod. fr. XXXII Goettl.). Βοῦθος, victor at the Pythian games. Proverb: “Βοῦθος wanders about,” in Cratinus’ Cheirones; and it is applied to the simple-minded and thick-witted. Νοῦθος, a proper name; and ψόφος, which Hesiod knows in the third book: “and a dull thudding of feet arose.” Λῆθος, a proper name.
Therefore στρουθός, being accented with an acute, is exceptional; but Chaeiris says that the Attic speakers accent the word with a grave, as Tryphon also mentions in the second book On Attic Accentuation. Yet perhaps it differed from the foregoing, since it is also used in the masculine—“and swift στρουθοί were leading (them)”—and in the feminine—“but when she had eaten her own young, and the στρουθοῖο herself” (Β 326).
Disyllables in -θος of one form, having the syllable before the end ending in a consonant, are accented with a grave: πτόρθος, γόνθος, that is, κόγχος.