Discussion of Greek words ending in -λλος and -λος: examples, place-names and ethnics, patterns of accentuation (paroxytone/oxytone) and morphology, cited examples.
μυλλός, ἰλλός «ἰλλοί τε πόδες». τὸ ἴλλος, σίλλος καὶ βίλλος τὸ ἀνδρεῖον αἰδοῖον τὸ κοινῶς βιλλίν παρ´ Ἐφεσίοις βαρύνεται. τὸ δὲ κιλλός εἶδος χρώματος ἐν Στεφανοπώλισιν Εὐβούλου «εὔχρων τε κιλλὸν μανθάνεις θερίστριον» ὀξύνεται. σεσημείωται τὸ ψύλλος, τὸ δὲ Ψύλλος τὸ ἐπ´ ἔθνους κύριον. τὸ δὲ ἄλλος ὡς ἐπιμεριζόμενον βαρύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'λος' μετ´ ἐπιπλοκῆς συμφώνου βαρύνεται· εἰ δέ τι εἴη ὀξύτονον, ἐπιθετικὸν ὑπάρχει, ὄτλος, βύβλος καὶ Βύβλος πόλις Φοινίκης. ἔστι καὶ Βύβλος ἐν τῷ Νείλῳ πόλις. βίβλος καὶ Βίβλος ποταμὸς Νάξου· ὄχλος, κόχλος, κύκλος, Ἄσκλος πόλις Ἰταλίας. Διονύσιος ἐν κʹ Ῥωμαϊκῆς ἀρχαιολογίας. ἔστι καὶ οὐδέτερον. Τύσκλος πόλις Ἰταλίας. λέγεται καὶ Τυσκλανόν. Ὕβλος βασιλεύς, ἀφ´ οὗ Ὕβλα πόλις Σικελίας. Ζάγκλος ὁ γηγενής, ἀφ´ οὗ τινες Ζάγκλην πόλιν Σικελίας. τὸ δὲ τυφλός ὀξύνεται, ἐπιθετικὸν ὄν, ὥσπερ καὶ τὸ στρεβλός καὶ ἐσθλός καὶ σιφλός ὁ κεκακωμένος, σίφλος δὲ ὁ μῶμος. σεσημείωται τὸ μοχλός ὀξυνόμενον. Τὰ εἰς 'αλλος' τρισύλλαβα μὴ ἐθνικὰ προπαροξύνεται, κρύσταλλος, Δίαλλος, ὄκταλλος ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς παρὰ Βοιωτοῖς. τὸ δὲ Τριβαλλός ἐθνικόν. Ἀριστοφάνης Ὄρνισιν ( 1528) «ὄνομα δὲ τούτοις τῶν θεῶν τῶν βαρβάρων τί ἔστι; μανθάνω. Τριβαλλοί». καὶ τὸ προβαλλός ἡ ἀσπίς ὀξυνόμενον. Τὰ ὑπὲρ τρεῖς συλλαβὰς ἐκφερόμενα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'α' βαρύνεται, εἰ μὴ ἀπὸ τοῦ 'κ' ἄρχοιτο, ἀρύβαλλος τὸ μαρσύπιον, περίαλλος τὸ ἰσχίον, αἰγίθαλλος. κραπαταλλός δὲ εἶδος νομίσματος καὶ κορυδαλλός προσηγορικὸν καὶ ὄνομα δήμου Ἀττικοῦ ὀξύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'λλος' πολυσύλλαβα, ὁποίῳ φωνήεντι παραλήγει πλὴν τοῦ 'α', προπαροξύνεται, Μύσκελλος ὁ Κρότωνος οἰκιστής, Μάρκελλος, Ἀντίφελλος χωρίον Λυκίας, Κύριλλος, Σόφιλλος, δόριλλος, Μέγιλλος, Τήριλλος, Πέριλλος, Ἄϊλλος, Ἔπιλλος, ἀνάσιλλος, Γράστιλλος ἀρσενικῶς πόλις Μακεδονίας, ὃ καὶ διὰ τοῦ 'π' γράφεται
μυλλός, ἰλλός: “and shaggy feet” (Il. 13, 1). ἴλλος, σίλλος, and βίλλος, the male member—commonly called βιλλίν among the Ephesians—are accented with the grave. But κιλλός, a kind of color, is accented with the acute in Eubulus’ Stephanopolis: “fair of hue, and you learn the κιλλὸν reaper.” ψύλλος is noted as exceptional; but Ψύλλος is a proper name based on an ethnicon. ἄλλος, as being distributive, is accented with the grave. Words in -λος with a consonant cluster are accented with the grave; but if any is acute, it is adjectival: ὄτλος, βύβλος, and Βύβλος, a city of Phoenicia. There is also a Βύβλος, a city on the Nile; and βίβλος, and Βίβλος, a river of Naxos; ὄχλος, κόχλος, κύκλος; Ἄσκλος, a city of Italy—Dionysius in book 20 of the Roman Antiquities. There is also a neuter. Τύσκλος, a city of Italy; it is also called Τυσκλανόν. Ὕβλος, a king, from whom Ὕβλα, a city of Sicily. Ζάγκλος, the native, from whom some [derive] Ζάγκλη, a city of Sicily. But τυφλός is accented with the acute, being adjectival, as also στρεβλός and ἐσθλός and σιφλός “the maimed,” whereas σίφλος is “the blemish.” μοχλός is noted as being accented with the acute. Trisyllables in -αλλος that are not ethnics are accented on the antepenult: κρύσταλλος, Δίαλλος, ὄκταλλος, “the eye” among the Boeotians. But Τριβαλλός is an ethnicon. Aristophanes in Birds (1528): “And what is the name for these barbarian gods? I learn: Τριβαλλοί.” And προβαλλός, “the shield,” is accented with the acute. Forms of more than three syllables, with penult in -α-, are accented with the grave, unless they begin with κ-: ἀρύβαλλος “the pouch,” περίᾱλλος “the hip,” αἰγίθαλλος. But κραπαταλλός, a kind of coin, and κορυδαλλός, an appellative and also the name of an Attic deme, are accented with the acute. Polysyllables in -λλος, whatever vowel the penult has except α, are accented on the antepenult: Μύσκελλος, the founder of Croton; Μάρκελλος; Ἀντίφελλος, a place in Lycia; Κύριλλος; Σόφιλλος; δόριλλος; Μέγιλλος; Τήριλλος; Πέριλλος; Ἄϊλλος; Ἔπιλλος; ἀνάσιλλος; Γράστιλλος, masculine, a city of Macedonia, which is also written with π.