Discussion of the place-name Αἰγιαλός and other toponyms (various Aigialoi, Ambelos, Pharsalos, etc.), with citations (Homer, Hecataeus, Apollonius) and detailed accentuation/phonological notes about adjectives ending in -αλος and -ελος (paroxytone vs preproparoxytone, vowel length effects).
Αἰγιαλός μεταξὺ Σικυῶνος καὶ τοῦ Βουπρασίου καλούμενος τόπος ἀπὸ Αἰγιαλέως τοῦ Ἰνάχου, ὡς Ἴστρος ἐν ἀποικίαις τῆς Αἰγύπτου. ἔστιν ἕτερος Αἰγιαλός προσεχὴς τῷ Πόντῳ μετὰ τὴν Κάραμβιν ἄκραν, ὡς Ἀπολλώνιος. ἔχει δὲ καὶ κώμην ὁμώνυμον. Ὅμηρος «Κρῶμνάν τ´ Αἰγιαλόν τε» (Β 855). γράφεται δὲ «Κρῶμναν Κωβίαλόν τε». ἔστι καὶ Θρᾴκης Αἰγιαλὸς παρὰ τῷ Στρυμόνι, ὡς Ἑκαταῖος. ἔστι καὶ ἄλλος Αἰγιαλὸς μέγας καλούμενος ἐν Αἰθιοπίᾳ κατ´ Αἴγυπτον. Τὰ εἰς 'αλος' τριγενῆ ἔχοντα τὴν τρίτην βραχεῖαν ὀξύνεται, ἁπαλός, χθαμαλός, τροχαλός, ἀταλός, ὁμαλός, ἀκαλός, γυαλός τὸ ἐπίθετον. σεσημείωται τὸ μεγάλος παροξύτονον. ἐξέλειψε δὲ ἡ μεγάλος εὐθεῖα διὰ τὸ ἀχαρακτήριστον τοῦ τόνου. Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'αλος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα μετὰ τοῦ 'α' ἐκτεταμένου βαρύνεται, Φάρσαλος πόλις Θεσσαλίας ἀπὸ Φαρσάλου τοῦ Ἀκρισίου. ἔστι καὶ Παμφυλίας πόλις. Τάβαλος, Στύμφαλος πόλις Ἀρκαδίας καὶ πεδίον ὁμώνυμον καὶ πηγή. ἡ πόλις ἀρσενικῶς καὶ θηλυκῶς. Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'ελος' μονογενῆ προπαροξύνεται, εἰ μὴ πάθος τι γένοιτο, ἄμπελος. ἔστι καὶ πόλις τῆς Λιγυστικῆς. Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ. ἔστι καὶ ἄκρα Τορωναίων Ἄμπελος λεγομένη. ἔστι καὶ ἑτέρα ἄκρα τῆς Σάμου. καὶ ἄλλη ἐν Κυρήνῃ, Ἀγροίτας δὲ δύο πόλεις εἶναί φησι, τὴν μὲν ἄνω, τὴν δὲ κάτω. ἔστι καὶ Ἰταλίας ἄκρα καὶ λιμὴν καὶ πόλις. Σθένελος, πύελος καὶ πτύελος, Κύψελος, Δέκελος, Ἔχελος ἥρως, Πάνελος ἀρσενικῶς πόλις περὶ τὸν Πόντον. ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπό τινος τῶν Ἡρακλεωτῶν, ὃς ἀφίκετο ἐκ Βοιωτίας ἀπόγονος ὢν Πηνέλεω τοῦ στρατηγήσαντος ἐπὶ Τροίαν. ἄγγελος, σκόπελος, σφάκελος, ἀσφόδελος
Aigialos, a place so called between Sikyon and what is called Bouprasion, from Aigialeus son of Inachos, as Istros says in the Colonies of Egypt. There is another Aigialos near the Pontos after the headland Karambis, as Apollonios says; and it also has a village of the same name. Homer: «Κρῶμνάν τ´ Αἰγιαλόν τε» (Β 855); but it is also written «Κρῶμναν Κωβίαλόν τε». There is also an Aigialos of Thrace by the Strymon, as Hekataios says. There is also another Aigialos called “Great” in Ethiopia toward Egypt.
Words in -αλος that are of three genders and have the third syllable short are accented with an acute: ἁπαλός, χθαμαλός, τροχαλός, ἀταλός, ὁμαλός, ἀκαλός, γυαλός the adjective. μεγάλος is noted as paroxytone. But the nominative μεγάλος has dropped out because the accent is unmarked.
Polysyllables in -αλος with the α lengthened are accented with a grave: Φάρσαλος, a city of Thessaly, from Pharsalos son of Akrisios; there is also a city of Pamphylia. Τάβαλος. Στύμφαλος, a city of Arcadia and a plain of the same name and a spring; the city is masculine and feminine.
Monogender words in -ελος are proparoxytone, unless some irregularity occurs: ἄμπελος. There is also a city of Ligystike; Hekataios in Europe. There is also a headland of the Toronaians called Ἄμπελος; there is also another headland of Samos, and another in Kyrene; but Agroitas says there are two cities, the upper and the lower. There is also a headland of Italy, and a harbor and a city. Σθένελος, πύελος and πτύελος, Κύψελος, Δέκελος, Ἔχελος a hero, Πάνελος, a city near the Pontos, masculine. It was named from one of the Herakleotai, who came from Boiotia, being a descendant of Peneleos who commanded the expedition against Troy. ἄγγελος, σκόπελος, σφάκελος, ἀσφόδελος.