Discussion of accentuation and vowel quantity patterns in Greek words ending in -μος, -ιμος, -υμος, -ωμος, with paradigmatic examples and notes on oxytony/barytony and morphological distinctions.
Καρίας δευτέρῳ. Ἄμος πόλις Καρίας. Λάμος υἱὸς Ἡρακλέους καὶ ποταμὸς Κιλικίας, Πλάμος πόλις Καρίας. τὸ μέντοι ἀμός ὁ ἡμέτερος καὶ τὸ τίς, ὅθεν μηδαμός καὶ μηδαμινός, τριγενὲς ὂν ὀξύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'μος' δισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'ο' ἢ 'ε' μὴ ὄντα τριγενῆ βαρύνεται ἀρχόμενα ἀπὸ συμφώνου ἢ συμφώνων, βρόμος, γόμος, τρόμος, δρόμος, ῥόμος ὁ σκώληξ, δόμος, τόμος ὁ τετμημένος, τομός δὲ ὁ τέμνων, νομός δὲ ἡ νέμησις πρὸς ἀντιδιαστολὴν τοῦ νόμος ὁ θεσμός. τὸ δὲ ὁμός ἐπὶ τοῦ ὁμοίου ἐστὶ τριγενές. * Τὰ εἰς 'ιμος' καὶ ὀξύνεται οἷον φιμός, λιμός, σιμός καὶ βαρύνεται οἷον μῖμος, τῖμος, βρίμος. Τὰ εἰς 'υμος' ἔχοντα τὸ 'υ' ἐκτεταμένον δισύλλαβα ὀξύνεται, κρυμός, ῥυμός, χυμός, θυμός. θύμος δὲ τὸ μόριον ἢ ἡ βοτάνη. τὸ δὲ Δρυμός καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ προσηγορικοῦ ὀξύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'ωμος' δισύλλαβα προσηγορικὰ ἀρχόμενα ἀπὸ συμφώνου μὴ τοῦ 'μ', εἰ ἐπὶ οὐσίας τάττοιτο, ὀξύνεται, βωμός· εἰσὶ καὶ Βωμοί λόφοι Αἰτωλίας. ψωμός, ζωμός, θωμός ὁ σωρός, βλωμός τὸ δῆγμα. τὸ μέντοι κῶμος ἡ ᾠδή βαρύνεται καὶ τὸ μῶμος ἀπὸ τοῦ 'μ' ἄρχεται, καὶ τὸ βρῶμος ὁ χόρτος καὶ Κρῶμος κύριον βαρύνεται, ὥσπερ τὸ ὦμος εἰς ἀποφυγὴν τοῦ ἐπιθετικοῦ. ἄλλως τε τὰ εἰς 'ος' λήγοντα
In Caria, with the accent on the second syllable: Ἄμος, a city of Caria; Λάμος, son of Heracles and a river of Cilicia; Πλάμος, a city of Caria. But our ἀμός and τίς, whence μηδαμός and μηδαμινός, being of three genders, are accented on the ultima. Disyllables in -μος, with penult in ο or ε, not being of three genders, are accented on the penult when they begin with a consonant or consonants: βρόμος, γόμος, τρόμος, δρόμος, ῥόμος ‘the worm’, δόμος, τόμος ‘the thing cut’, whereas τομός is ‘the cutter’, and νομός is ‘pasturage’, in contrast with νόμος ‘law’. But ὁμός in the sense ‘similar’ is of three genders. Words in -ιμος are also accented on the ultima, as φιμός, λιμός, σιμός, and are also accented on the penult, as μῖμος, τῖμος, βρίμος. Disyllables in -υμος with υ long are accented on the ultima: κρυμός, ῥυμός, χυμός, θυμός; but θύμος is ‘the part’ or ‘the herb’. And Δρυμός, both as a proper name and as an appellative, is accented on the ultima. Disyllabic appellatives in -ωμος beginning with a consonant other than μ, if they are used of a substance, are accented on the ultima: βωμός; there are also Βωμοί, hills of Aetolia; ψωμός, ζωμός, θωμός ‘the heap’, βλωμός ‘the bite’. But κῶμος ‘song’ is accented on the penult, and μῶμος, since it begins with μ, and βρῶμος ‘the grass’ and Κρῶμος, a proper name, are accented on the penult, as also ὦμος, to avoid confusion with the adjective. Moreover, words ending in -ος…