Discussion of Greek accentuation and gender alternations for words ending in -μος, -ωμος, -ουμος, and -νος; examples include place names, ethnics, adjectives (ἔλυμος, Σολύμος, Εὔρωμος, στεγνός), notes on proparoxytone, vowel length, alternations (ρ→λ), and formation of feminine from masculine.
ἔλυμος καὶ Ἔλυμος ἥρως, ἀφ´ οὗ Ἐλυμία πόλις Μακεδονίας. ἔτυμος καὶ ἐτήτυμος, δίδυμος, ἥδυμος, νήδυμος, σκόλυμος εἶδος βοτάνης, Σόλυμος ἔθνος οἱ νῦν Πισίδαι ἀπὸ Σολύμου τοῦ Διὸς καὶ Χαλδήνης «Σολύμους καλουμένους παρελθὼν Μαυσώλου». Ἴδυμος ποταμὸς Καρίας, Σίδυμος, ἀφ´ οὗ Σίδυμα πόλις Λυκίας. Εὔρυμος. τοῦ μέντοι κωλυμός καὶ ἐρυμός τὸ 'υ' μακρόν. Τὰ εἰς 'μος' τρισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῇ 'οι' διφθόγγῳ μὴ παρεσχηματισμένα θηλυκῷ γένει ὀξύνεται, κυδοιμός ἡ ταραχή, ἀλοιμός, ἀμοιμός κατὰ ἐναλλαγὴν στοιχείων ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀμοιβός. τὸ δὲ ἕτοιμος Ἀττικόν, τὸ δὲ ἑτοῖμος κοινόν ἐστι τριγενές. καὶ τὸ ἀλύδοιμος ὁ οἰκτρός προπαροξύνεται. * Τὰ εἰς 'μος' λήγοντα ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς ἔχοντα πρὸ τοῦ 'μ' τὸ 'σ' ὀξύνεσθαι θέλει, μερισμός, ὁπλισμός, ἀθροισμός, ἀφλοισμός. τοῦτο δὲ ἔνιοι παρὰ τὸ ἀφρισμός μεταβολῆς γενομένης τοῦ 'ρ' εἰς 'λ' καὶ πλεονάσαντος τοῦ 'ο'. οἱ δὲ παρὰ τὸ φλέω καὶ φλύω, φλοισμός καὶ ἀφλοισμός ἐν πλεονασμῷ τοῦ 'α'. διὸ οὐ δεόντως Τυραννίων προπαροξύνει. * Τὰ εἰς 'ωμος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα προπαροξύνεται, Εὔρωμος πόλις Καρίας ἀπὸ Εὐρώμου τοῦ Ἰδριέως Καρός, Ἴθωμος, ἀφ´ οὗ Ἰθώμη πόλις Θεσσαλίας, Τετράκωμος ἔθνος οἱ καὶ Τετραχωρῖται. ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'ουμος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα Πάτουμος πόλις Ἀραβίας. Τὰ εἰς 'νος' ἔχοντα πρὸ τοῦ 'ν' ἕν τι τῶν μέσων στοιχείων ἔχοντα θηλυκὸν γένος ὀξύνεται, στεγνός, στυγνός, ἁγνός, κεδνός, ἀλαπαδνός, ἀκιδνός, ὀλοφυδνός. τὸ μέντοι λάγνος βαρύνεται· οὐκ ἔχει γὰρ ἴδιον θηλυκόν. ἔχει δὲ καὶ ἔννοιαν συνθέσεως. ὡσαύτως καὶ
Elymos and Elymos the hero, from whom is Elymia, a city of Macedonia. Etymos and etētymos; didymos, hēdymos, nēdymos; skoly mos, a kind of herb; Solymos, a people, those now called Pisidians, from Solymos, son of Zeus and Chaldēnē: “having passed by the Solymi called [so], of Mausolus.” Idymos, a river of Caria; Sidymos, from whom Sidyma, a city of Lycia. Eurymos. In the case, however, of kōlymos and erymos the ‘υ’ is long. Trisyllables in -μος, with penult in the diphthong ‘οι’, not formed by derivation, are accented on the acute in the feminine gender: κυδοιμός, “the tumult”; ἀλοιμός; ἀμοιμός, by interchange of letters, from ἀμοιβός. But ἕτοιμος is Attic, whereas ἑτοῖμος is common and of three genders. And ἀλύδοιμος, “wretched,” is accented with the proparoxytone. Words ending in -μος, having more than two syllables, with ‘σ’ before the ‘μ’, want to be accented on the acute: μερισμός, ὁπλισμός, ἀθροισμός, ἀφλοισμός. Some, however, derive this from ἀφρισμός, with a change of ‘ρ’ to ‘λ’ and with an added ‘ο’. Others derive it from φλέω and φλύω: φλοισμός and ἀφλοισμός, with an added ‘α’. Therefore Tyrannion improperly accents it with the proparoxytone. Words in -ωμος of more than two syllables are accented with the proparoxytone: Εὔρωμος, a city of Caria, from Euromos son of Idrieus the Carian; Ἴθωμος, from whom Ἰθώμη, a city of Thessaly; Τετράκωμος, a people also called Τετραχωρῖται. Likewise also the forms in -ουμος of more than two syllables: Πάτουμος, a city of Arabia. Words in -νος, having before the ‘ν’ one of the medial letters, in the feminine gender are accented on the acute: στεγνός, στυγνός, ἁγνός, κεδνός, ἀλαπαδνός, ἀκιδνός, ὀλοφυδνός. But λάγνος is accented with the grave; for it has no proper feminine. It also has the notion of composition. Likewise also…