Greek ethnonyms, adjectival formations with suffixes -ινος, -εινος, -ονος, and their accentuation rules (examples: Ἀργυρῖνος, Βουδῖνος, Ἀμοργῖνος, παλλακῖνος, εὔξεινος, Μύκονος)
'τ' εἰς 'σ'. Ἀργυρῖνος ἔθνος Ἠπειρωτικόν, ὡς Τίμαιος καὶ Θέων καὶ Λυκόφρων «εἰς Ἀργυρίνους καὶ Κεραυνίων νάπας» (v. 592). Βουδῖνος ἔθνος Σκυθικόν, παρὰ τὸ δινεύειν ἐπάνω ἁμαξῶν ὑπὸ βοῶν ἑλκομένων. ἁμαξόβιοι γὰρ οἱ Σκύθαι. Παρμένων ὁ Βυζάντιος ἐν ἰάμβων πρώτῳ. Βουλῖνος ἔθνος περὶ Ἰλλυρίαν. Ἀρτεμίδωρος δὲ οὐκ ἔθνος, ἀλλὰ Βουλίνην πόλιν φησίν, ἧς τὸ ἐθνικὸν Βουλῖνος. Δωνεττῖνος, ἔθνος Μολοσσικόν. Ῥιανὸς δʹ Θεσσαλικῶν «αὐτὰρ Δωνεττῖνοι ἰδ´ ὀτρηροὶ Κεραῗνες» καὶ ἐν τῇ ζʹ «ἑπτὰ δὲ Δωνεττῖνοι, ἀτὰρ δυοκαίδεκα Κᾶρες». Λιβυστῖνος ἔθνος παρακείμενον Κόλχοις, ὡς Διόφαντος ἐν πολιτικοῖς. Ἀγαθῖνος. Ἅβρων ἐν τῷ περὶ παρωνύμων τοῖς ἐθνικοῖς καὶ τοῦτο συνέμιξεν. εἰ δὲ καὶ κύριον εἴη τὸ Ἀγαθῖνος, οὐκ ἀπεικὸς σημαίνειν ἀμφότερα. Σχοινεύς γὰρ καὶ κύριον καὶ ποταμοῦ καὶ ἐθνικὸν καὶ Λίξος, ὁμοίως Θεσσαλός καὶ Σικανός καὶ Σικελός καὶ μυρία. Ἀμοργῖνος τὸ ἐθνικόν, τὸ δ´ ἀμόργινος χιτὼν χρώματος ἴδιον ἀγρωστῖνος, ἀγχιστῖνος, προμνηστῖνος ἐπιθετικά. παλλακῖνος ὑποκοριστικόν. τὸ δὲ λαρινός «λαρινῷ βοΐ» (Aristoph. Pac. 925) ὀξύνεται ὡς ἀληθινός. Τὰ εἰς 'εινος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα ἁπλᾶ παρώνυμα ὀξύνεται, φαεινός, σκοτεινός, ἀλγεινός, βορεινός, ταπεινός τὸ ἐπίθετον. ἐλεεινός, αἰπεινός, ὀρεινός, ποθεινός, φωτεινός καὶ τὸ κύριον ὁμοίως. τὸ δὲ εὔξεινος σύνθετον ὂν προπαροξύνεται. * Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'ονος' ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς προπαροξύνεται, Μύκονος υἱὸς Ἀνίου τοῦ Καρυστοῦ καὶ Ῥοιοῦς τῆς Ζάρηκος καὶ ἀπ´ αὐτοῦ Μύκονος μία τῶν Κυκλάδων. Θουκυδίδης τρίτῃ (c. 29) καὶ Στράβων
To ‘t’ into ‘s’. Ἀργυρῖνος, an Epirote people, as Timaeus and Theon and Lycophron: «εἰς Ἀργυρίνους καὶ Κεραυνίων νάπας» (v. 592). Βουδῖνος, a Scythian people, from the fact that they whirl about on top of wagons drawn by oxen; for the Scythians are wagon-dwellers. Parmeno the Byzantine in the first book of iambics. Βουλῖνος, a people around Illyria; but Artemidorus says it is not a people, but a city Βουλίνη, whose ethnic is Βουλῖνος. Δωνεττῖνος, a Molossian people. Rhianus, in the Thessalica: «αὐτὰρ Δωνεττῖνοι ἰδ´ ὀτρηροὶ Κεραῗνες», and in the seventh: «ἑπτὰ δὲ Δωνεττῖνοι, ἀτὰρ δυοκαίδεκα Κᾶρες». Λιβυστῖνος, a people lying near the Colchians, as Diophantus in the Politica. Ἀγαθῖνος. Habron, in his work On Paronyms, also mixed this in among the ethnics. But even if Ἀγαθῖνος were also a proper name, it is not unlikely that it signifies both. For Σχοινεύς is both a proper name and (the name) of a river, and also an ethnic; and likewise Λίξος; similarly Θεσσαλός and Σικανός and Σικελός and countless others. Ἀμοργῖνος is the ethnic; but ἀμόργινος χιτών is a designation of a color. ἀγρωστῖνος, ἀγχιστῖνος, προμνηστῖνος are adjectival. παλλακῖνος is diminutive. But λαρινός in «λαρινῷ βοΐ» (Aristoph. Pac. 925) is accented oxytone like ἀληθινός. The simple paronyms in -εινος with more than two syllables are accented oxytone: φαεινός, σκοτεινός, ἀλγεινός, βορεινός, ταπεινός (the adjective). ἐλεεινός, αἰπεινός, ὀρεινός, ποθεινός, φωτεινός, and the proper name likewise. But εὔξεινος, being a compound, is accented proparoxytone. * Those in -ονος with more than two syllables are accented proparoxytone: Μύκονος, son of Anius of Carystus and of Ῥοιοῦς daughter of Ζάρηξ, and from him (comes) Μύκονος, one of the Cyclades. Thucydides in the third (book) (c. 29) and Strabo.