Discussion of Mykonos proverb and accentuation/formation rules for Greek nouns/adjectives in -υνος and -ωνος with place-name and ethnic examples and Homeric citations.
δεκάτῃ «Μύκονος δ´ ἐστίν, ὑφ´ ᾗ μυθεύουσι κεῖσθαι τῶν Γιγάντων τοὺς ὑγιεινοτάτους ὑφ´ Ἡρακλέους καταλυθέντας, ἀφ´ ὧν ἡ παροιμία ‘πάντα ὑπὸ μίαν Μύκονον’ ἐπὶ τῶν ὑπὸ μίαν γραφὴν ἀγαγόντων τὰ διῃρημένα τῇ φύσει· καὶ τοὺς φαλακροὺς δέ τινες Μυκονίους καλοῦσιν ἀπὸ τοῦ τὸ πάθος τοῦτο ἐπιχωριάζειν τῇ νήσῳ». Ἤδονος ποταμός. τὸ δὲ ἡμίονος, ἔγγονος, πρόγονος, ἄτονος σύνθετά εἰσιν. Τὰ εἰς 'υνος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα προπαροξύνεται· εἰ δέ τι ὀξυτονηθῇ, ἐθνικὸν εὑρέθη, κίνδυνος, Πάχυνος ἀκρωτήριον Σικελίας, πίσυνος, βόθυνος. Ῥόσχυνος. Ὄρδυνος ὄνομα ποταμοῦ, κόρυνος, εὔθυνος, γηθόσυνος «γηθόσυνος δ´ οὔρῳ» (Od. ε 269), δεσπόσυνος, θάρσυνος, Λάβυνος. τὸ μέντοι Βιθυνός καὶ Μαριανδυνός ἐθνικά. Μαριάνδυνος δὲ βαρυτόνως κατὰ τοὺς Αἰολεῖς. τὸ μόσυνος βαρυνόμενον σημειῶδες καὶ μακρὸν ἔχει τὸ 'υ' (τὰ γὰρ ἔχοντα τὸ 'σ' βραχὺ ἔχει τὸ 'υ'). ἀπὸ γενικῆς γὰρ μετήχθη. αἱ δὲ γενικαὶ αἱ διὰ τοῦ 'νος' ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς ὑπάρχουσαι εἰ παραλήγοιντο τῷ 'υ', ἐκτεταμένῳ παραλήγονται, Φόρκυνος, Πόλτυνος· καὶ τὸ γέρυνος ὁ μικρὸς βάτραχος. Τὰ εἰς 'ωνος' ἁπλᾶ ὑπερδισύλλαβα ὀξύνεται, κοινωνός, οἰωνός, Γελωνός πόλις Σαρματίας τῆς ἐν Εὐρώπῃ ἀπὸ Γελωνοῦ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους, τοῦ Ἀγαθύρσου ἀδελφοῦ. ἔστι δὲ ἡ πόλις ξυλίνη, κειμένη ἐν Βουδίνοις, ὡς Ἡρόδοτος (IV 108). καὶ ὁ οἰκήτωρ ὁμοφώνως. υἱωνός, Τιθωνός, Κολωνός, μελεδωνός, Ἠδωνός ἔθνος Θρᾴκης ἀπὸ Ἠδωνοῦ τοῦ Μύγδονος ἀδελφοῦ, Ἐτεωνός πόλις Βοιωτίας. Ὅμηρος «πολύκνημόν τ´ Ἐτεωνόν» (Il. Β 497). καλεῖται δὲ νῦν Σκάρφη. Καννωνός, Ὀθρωνός πόλις, οἱ δὲ νῆσον πρὸς νότον Σικελίας. «ἄλλοι δὲ Μελίτην νῆσον Ὀθρωνοῦ πέλας» (Lycophr. 1027). Βωδωνός ἥρως, ἀφ´ οὗ Βωδώνη πόλις Θεσσαλίας. τὰ δὲ σύνθετα προπαροξύνεται, τετράγωνος, εὔφωνος, εὔωνος. τὸ δὲ Κόρωνος κύριον, τὸ δὲ κορωνός ἐπίθετον. βαρύνονται δὲ καὶ Γίγωνος πόλις Θρᾴκης
In the tenth: “Μύκονος is an island, under which they say that the healthiest of the Giants lie, having been destroyed by Heracles; from them comes the proverb ‘πάντα ὑπὸ μίαν Μύκονον’, applied to those who have brought under one written form things divided by nature; and some also call bald men Μυκόνιοι, from the fact that this condition is native to the island.” Ἤδονος is a river. But ἡμίονος, ἔγγονος, πρόγονος are compound words without accent. The words in -υνος, when more than disyllabic, are accented on the antepenult; but if any is found to be oxytone, it has turned out to be an ethnic: κίνδυνος, Πάχυνος, a promontory of Sicily, πίσυνος, βόθυνος. Ῥόσχυνος. Ὄρδυνος, the name of a river; κόρυνος, εὔθυνος, γηθόσυνος—“γηθόσυνος δ´ οὔρῳ” (Od. ε 269)—δεσπόσυνος, θάρσυνος, Λάβυνος. But Βιθυνός and Μαριανδυνός are ethnics. Μαριάνδυνος, however, is barytone according to the Aeolians. μόσυνος, when barytoned, is noteworthy and has long υ (for those that have σ have short υ). For it has been derived from a genitive. And the genitives in -νος, being more than two syllables, if they have υ in the penult, have the penult lengthened: Φόρκυνος, Πόλτυνος; and also γέρυνος, the small frog. The simple words in -ωνος, when more than disyllabic, are accented on the ultima: κοινωνός, οἰωνός, Γελωνός, a city of Sarmatia in Europe, from Γελωνός, son of Heracles, brother of Ἀγαθύρσος. The city is wooden, situated among the Budini, as Herodotus says (IV 108); and its inhabitant likewise, with the same sound. υἱωνός, Τιθωνός, Κολωνός, μελεδωνός, Ἠδωνός, a Thracian people, from Ἠδωνός, brother of Μύγδων; Ἐτεωνός, a city of Boeotia. Homer: “πολύκνημόν τ´ Ἐτεωνόν” (Il. Β 497). It is now called Σκάρφη. Καννωνός. Ὀθρωνός, a city; but some say an island to the south of Sicily: “ἄλλοι δὲ Μελίτην νῆσον Ὀθρωνοῦ πέλας” (Lycophr. 1027). Βωδωνός, a hero, from whom comes Βωδώνη, a city of Thessaly. But the compounds are accented on the antepenult: τετράγωνος, εὔφωνος, εὔωνος. Κόρωνος is a proper name, but κορωνός an adjective. And Γίγωνος, a city of Thrace, is also barytoned.