Discussion of accentuation (oxytone, proparoxytone, stress shifts) in Greek words and adjectival/nominal endings (-δαπος, -ω, -πος), with numerous place-names, ethnic names, and citations as examples.
Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'δαπος' πάντα παρηγμένα ὀξύνεται, ἡμεδαπός, ποδαπός, παντοδαπός, ἀλλοδαπός, τηλεδαπός. Ἔτι τὰ ἐπιθετικὰ σύνθετα τῷ 'ω' παραληγόμενα ὀξύνεται αἱματωπός, κελαινωπός, πολυωπός, εὐωπός, τηλωπός, χαρωπός, μελανωπός, πελιωπός. Τὰ εἰς 'πος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα κύρια ἢ προσηγορικὰ ἀρσενικὰ ὄντα καὶ θηλυκὰ μηδὲ ἐπιθετικά, εἰ μὴ παραλήγοιτο τῷ 'ω', προπαροξύνεται, Ἄροπος, Τρίοπος ὁ πατὴρ Ἐρυσίχθονος. Ἑλλάνικος δὲ καὶ Τρίοπά φησιν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ Τρίοψ. Δουρίοπος πόλις Μακεδονίας. Στράβων ἑβδόμῃ. οὕτως καὶ ἡ χώρα. Ἄναπος, Ὕαπος, ἀφ´ οὗ Ὑάπεια πόλις Φωκίδος. Μέσσαπος ὁ μετοικήσας εἰς Ἰταλίαν, ἀφ´ οὗ Μεσσαπία. Πρίαπος υἱὸς Ἀφροδίτης καὶ Διονύσου. ἔστι καὶ πόλις Ἑλλησποντίας. Ἀστέροπος. Ὄλυμπος· ἔστι καὶ ὄρος Μυσίας. Ἀρριανὸς Βιθυνιακῶν πρώτῳ. ἔστι καὶ πόλις Παμφυλίας. Στράβων ιδʹ. Μέλαμπος. Εὐρύαμπος πόλις Μαγνησίας. Μάρσιππος πόλις Φοινίκης. Φίλιππος. εἰσὶ καὶ Φίλιπποι πόλις Μακεδονίας οἱ πρότερον Κρηνίδες. Ἀρτεμίδωρος «καὶ πόλις Φίλιπποι τὸ παλαιὸν Κρηνίδες. τοῖς δὲ Κρηνίταις πολεμουμένοις ὑπὸ Θρᾳκῶν βοηθήσας ὁ Φίλιππος Φιλίππους ὠνόμασεν». ἐκλήθησαν Φίλιπποι καὶ αἱ Θῆβαι Θεσσαλίας καὶ Γόμφοι Θεσπρωτίας. Εὔριπος. Ἴσηπος ἔθνος Σκυθικόν. Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ. Χάροπος τὸ κύριον, χαροπός δὲ τὸ ἐπίθετον. σεσημείωται τὸ ἀτραπός ὀξυνόμενον καὶ τὸ Ἀριμασπός ἔθνος Ὑπερβορέων. τὸ δὲ ἀρτίπος, ἀελλόπος ὡς παρὰ τῷ ποιητῇ (Θ 409) «ὦρτο δὲ Ἶρις ἀελλόπος ἀγγελέουσα», ὠκύπος κατ´ ἔλλειψιν τοῦ 'υ' γενόμενα παροξύνεται. τὰ δὲ παραληγόμενα τῷ 'ω' κύρια ἢ προσηγορικὰ καὶ βαρύνεται καὶ ὀξύνεται. τὰ μὲν οὖν κύρια ἀπὸ φύσει μακρᾶς ἀρχόμενα ὀξύνεται, Ἰνωπός ὄνομα ποταμοῦ, Ἀσωπός πατὴρ Αἰγίνης, Ὠρωπός πόλις Βοιωτίας. ἔστι καὶ πόλις ἐν Ἄργει κτισθεῖσα καὶ ἐν Θεσπρωτίᾳ. λέγεται καὶ ἀρσενικῶς. Θουκυδίδης ὀγδόῃ (c. 60) «ἔχοντες οὖν τὸν Ὠρωπὸν ἀφικνοῦνται εἰς τὴν Ῥόδον». Παυσανίας δὲ ἐν τῷ ἑβδόμῳ (c. 11, 4) τὴν πόλιν θηλυκῶς φησι «διαρπάζουσι Ὠρωπὸν ὑπήκοόν σφισιν οὖσαν».
All the derivatives through -δαπος are accented with an acute: ἡμεδαπός, ποδαπός, παντοδαπός, ἀλλοδαπός, τηλεδαπός. Further, the compound adjectives with the penult in -ω- are accented with an acute: αἱματωπός, κελαινωπός, πολυωπός, εὐωπός, τηλωπός, χαρωπός, μελανωπός, πελιωπός. The proper names or appellatives in -πος of more than two syllables, being masculine and not feminine nor adjectival, if the penult is not in -ω-, are accented with a proparoxytone: Ἄροπος, Τρίοπος, the father of Ἐρυσίχθων. Hellanicus, however, also says Τρίοπά, deriving him from Τρίοψ. Δουρίοπος, a city of Macedonia. Strabo in the seventh book; and so too the region. Ἄναπος, Ὕαπος, from whom Ὑάπεια, a city of Phocis. Μέσσαπος, who migrated to Italy, from whom Μεσσαπία. Πρίαπος, son of Aphrodite and Dionysus; there is also a city of the Hellespont. Ἀστέροπος. Ὄλυμπος; there is also a mountain of Mysia. Arrian in the first book of the Bithyniaca; there is also a city of Pamphylia. Strabo book 14. Μέλαμπος. Εὐρύαμπος, a city of Magnesia. Μάρσιππος, a city of Phoenicia. Φίλιππος; and there are also Φίλιπποι, a city of Macedonia, formerly Κρηνίδες. Artemidorus: “and the city Φίλιπποι, formerly Κρηνίδες. But when the Κρηνῖται were being warred upon by Thracians, Philip came to their aid and named it Φίλιπποι.” The name Φίλιπποι was also given to the Thebes of Thessaly and to the Gomphi of Thesprotia. Εὔριπος. Ἴσηπος, a Scythian people. Hecataeus in the Europa. Χάροπος is the proper name, but χαροπός the adjective. Noted as exceptional are ἀτραπός, accented with an acute, and Ἀριμασπός, a people of the Hyperboreans. But ἀρτίπος and ἀελλόπος, as in the poet (Θ 409) “ὦρτο δὲ Ἶρις ἀελλόπος ἀγγελέουσα,” and ὠκύπος, formed by loss of the υ, are accented with a paroxytone. Those with the penult in -ω-, whether proper names or appellatives, are both barytone and oxytone. Proper names, then, beginning with a naturally long syllable are oxytone: Ἰνωπός, the name of a river; Ἀσωπός, father of Aegina; Ὠρωπός, a city of Boeotia; there is also a city founded in Argos and in Thesprotia. It is also used in the masculine. Thucydides in the eighth book (c. 60): “having therefore taken Ὠρωπός, they arrive at Rhodes.” Pausanias, however, in the seventh (c. 11, 4) gives the city in the feminine: “they plunder Ὠρωπόν, which was subject to them.”