Discussion of accentuation rules for words ending in -ρος and -υ, treatment of syllable counts and proparoxytone placement; lists of examples including adjectives, compounds, place-names and ethnics.
ἐπίσπαστον κακὸν ἕξει» (Od. σ 72). τὸ καυστειρός οὐ μάχεται. ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ 'η' ἐτράπη εἰς 'ει' Βοιωτιακῶς ὡς τὸ τέθηκα τέθεικα. * Τὰ εἰς 'ρος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'ο' ἁπλᾶ προπαροξύνεται, Δοροκόττορος πόλις Γαλατῶν τῶν προσβόρρων. ἀλάστορος εὐθεῖα παρὰ τὴν γενικὴν παραχθεῖσα. Αἰσχύλος Ἰξίονι «πρευμενὴς ἀλάστορος» καὶ Φερεκύδης «ὁ Ζεὺς δὲ Ἱκέσιος καὶ Ἀλάστορος καλεῖται». Τὰ εἰς 'ρος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'ο' σύνθετα ὄντα προπαροξύνεται, κατήγορος, συνήγορος, περὶ ὧν ἐν τῷ τέλει λέξομεν. νῦν δὲ διαληψόμεθα περὶ τῶν ἐχόντων τὸν τόνον ἐν τῇ παραληγούσῃ, τελεσφόρος, δορυφόρος, βουληφόρος, ἑωσφόρος, τὸ δὲ ἄφορος προπαροξύνεται, παντοπόρος, καὶ γαμόρος, τὸ δὲ κατάμορος προπαροξύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'ρος' ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς παραληγόμενα τῷ 'υ' κύρια ἢ προσηγορικά, μὴ περιεκτικὰ ἢ ἐπιθετικὰ ἔχοντα κατ´ ἰδίαν θηλυκὰ προπαροξύνεται, πάπυρος, διάπυρος ὁ θερμός, μάρτυρος, ἄργυρος. ἔστι καὶ πόλις. Φίλιστος ἐν ἐνάτῃ. πόρφυρος, ζέφυρος, Σάτυρος, λάθυρος εἶδος ὀσπρίου. Ἴδυρος πόλις, ἣ καὶ Ἰδυρίς, καὶ ποταμὸς Παμφυλίας. Ἑκαταῖος. Μάνθυρος. Ἄμυρος πόλις Θεσσαλίας ἀπὸ ἑνὸς Ἀργοναυτῶν. ἡ πόλις θηλυκόν. ἄδηλον δὲ τὸ Ἡσιόδειον «Δωτίῳ ἐν πεδίῳ πολυβότρυος ἀντ´ Ἀμύροιο». Σουίδας δ´ ἐν ταῖς γενεαλογίαις τὴν πόλιν Ἀμυρικὴν καλεῖ. Γλάφυρος υἱὸς Μάγνητος ὁ τὰς Γλαφυρὰς κτίσας, Ἔλυρος πόλις Κρήτης ὡς Ξενίων ἐν Κρητικοῖς. Ἔφυρος ὁ Ἄμβρακος τοῦ Θεσπρωτοῦ τοῦ Λυκάονος τοῦ Πελασγοῦ τοῦ γηγενοῦς τοῦ Ἀρκάδος, καὶ τὸ ἐθνικὸν ὅμοιον. Βάκυρος ἔθνος πρὸς Πάρθους καὶ Μήδους ὃ καὶ Βακυριανός. Σίμυρος πόλις Σύρων. Ἔφορος δὲ Σίμυρα οὐδετέρως αὐτήν φησι. Κασπάπυρος πόλις Γανδαρική.
“it will have a drawn-back evil” (Od. σ 72). καυστειρός does not admit of objection; for from ‘η’ it has been changed to ‘ει’ in the Boeotian manner, as τέθηκα becomes τέθεικα.
* Words in -ρος, more than disyllabic, with penult in ο, when simple, are accented with the circumflex on the antepenult: Δοροκόττορος, a city of the Galatae of the far north. ἀλάστορος is a direct form derived from the genitive. Aeschylus in the Ixion: «πρευμενὴς ἀλάστορος», and Pherecydes: «ὁ Ζεὺς δὲ Ἱκέσιος καὶ Ἀλάστορος καλεῖται».
Words in -ρος, more than disyllabic, with penult in ο, when compounds, are accented with the circumflex on the antepenult: κατήγορος, συνήγορος, about which we shall speak at the end. But now we shall take up those that have the accent on the penult: τελεσφόρος, δορυφόρος, βουληφόρος, ἑωσφόρος; but ἄφορος is accented with the circumflex on the antepenult, as is παντοπόρος, and γαμόρος; but κατάμορος is accented with the circumflex on the antepenult.
Words in -ρος, of more than two syllables, with penult in υ, whether proper names or appellatives, not collective or adjectival, and having no distinct feminine forms, are accented with the circumflex on the antepenult: πάπυρος, διάπυρος ‘the hot’, μάρτυρος, ἄργυρος. There is also a city. Philistus in the ninth book. πορφυρος, ζέφυρος, Σάτυρος, λάθυρος, a kind of pulse. Ἴδυρος, a city, which is also Ἰδυρίς, and a river of Pamphylia. Hecataeus. Μάνθυρος. Ἄμυρος, a city of Thessaly, from one of the Argonauts; the city is feminine. But the Hesiodic line is unclear: «Δωτίῳ ἐν πεδίῳ πολυβότρυος ἀντ᾽ Ἀμύροιο». Suidas, in the Genealogies, calls the city Ἀμυρική. Γλάφυρος, son of Magnetes, who founded the Glaphyrae; Ἔλυρος, a city of Crete, as Xenion says in the Cretan History. Ἔφυρος, the son of Ambracus, son of Thesprotus, son of Lycaon, son of Pelasgus, son of the earth-born Arcadus; and the ethnic is the same. Βάκυρος, a people near the Parthians and Medes, also called Βακυριανός. Σίμυρος, a city of the Syrians; but Ephorus says it is Σίμυρα in the neuter. Κασπάπυρος, a city of Gandarica.