Τὰ εἰς 'ρος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῇ 'αι' διφθόγγῳ προπαροξύνονται, κἂν ἐπιθετικὰ ὑπάρχωσιν, Πάλαιρος· ἔστι δὲ χωρίον τῆς Ἀκαρνανίας. μέμνηται καὶ Ἐπίχαρμος ἐν Ἐλπίδι ἢ Πλούτῳ «οὔτ´ ὦν Πάλαιρος οὔτε βοιαυτοῦ» (*). χήμαιρος· κύπαιρος Δωρικὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ κύπειρος γέγονεν τροπῇ τοῦ 'ε' εἰς 'α' ὡς κατώγειος κατώγαιος. εὔκαιρος, ἄκαιρος. τὸ μέντοι ἑταῖρος προπερισπᾶται. ἴσως οὖν ἀναλογώτερον τὸ «ἑτάρους τε» χωρὶς τοῦ 'ι' λεγόμενον. πολλὰ γάρ ἐστι τοιαῦτα, μάρμαρος, βάρβαρος, τάλαρος, κύλλαρος, φλύαρος. Τὰ εἰς 'ρος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῇ 'αυ' διφθόγγῳ, μὴ ἔχοντα θηλυκά, προπαροξύνεται, Ἴσαυρος ἔθνος. Ἐπίδαυρος πόλις πρὸς τῷ Ἄργει θηλυκῶς λεγομένη. τὸ γὰρ «ἀμπελόεντ´ Ἐπίδαυρον» (Β 561) μετὰ ἀρσενικοῦ ἐπιθέτου θηλυκόν ἐστιν ὡς τὸ «ψολόεντος ἐχίδνης» (Ther. 129) παρὰ Νικάνδρῳ καὶ τὸ «ἠμαθόεντος Πύλου» (Β 77) καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα. τινὲς δὲ αὐτήν φασι Λειμήρη διὰ διφθόγγου ὡς λειμῶνας ἔχουσαν ἢ διὰ τοῦ 'ι' ὡς πολυλίμενον κατὰ Ἀρτεμίδωρον. ἐκαλεῖτο καὶ Μειλισσία καὶ Αἱμηρά διὰ τὸ συνεχῶς αἱμάσσεσθαι τὸν βωμὸν τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ ὑπὸ τῶν θυσιῶν. εἶτα Ἐπίταυρος καὶ Ἐπίδαυρος. Κένταυρος, Ἄναυρος, Ἄγλαυρος, Κάλαυρος ὁ Ποσειδῶνος, Μάταυρος πόλις Σικελίας Λοκρῶν κτίσμα. Βάναυρος υἱὸς Αἴαντος, ἀφ´ οὗ Βαναυρίδες Τυρρηνικαὶ νῆσοι. τὸ δὲ θησαυρός ὡς περιεκτικὸν ὀξύνεται ὥσπερ καὶ τὰ τριγενῆ, ἀμαυρός, ἀφαυρός καὶ τὸ ἀγαυρός,
The words in -ρος, of more than two syllables, with the penult containing the diphthong αι, are accented with the antepenult acute, even if they are adjectival: Πάλαιρος; it is a place in Acarnania. Epicharmus too mentions it in Ἐλπίς or Πλοῦτος: «οὔτ´ ὦν Πάλαιρος οὔτε βοιαυτοῦ» (*). χήμαιρος; κύπαιρος, Doric, has arisen from κύπειρος by changing ε to α, as κατώγειος becomes κατώγαιος. εὔκαιρος, ἄκαιρος. ἑταῖρος, however, is accented with the circumflex on the penult. Perhaps, then, more in accordance with analogy is the form «ἑτάρους τε», spoken without the ι. For there are many such words: μάρμαρος, βάρβαρος, τάλαρος, κύλλαρος, φλύαρος.
The words in -ρος, of more than two syllables, with the penult containing the diphthong αυ, if they do not have feminine forms, are accented with the antepenult acute: Ἴσαυρος, a people. Ἐπίδαυρος, a city near Argos, is spoken of as feminine. For «ἀμπελόεντ´ Ἐπίδαυρον» (Β 561), though with a masculine adjective, is feminine, as is «ψολόεντος ἐχίδνης» (Ther. 129) in Nicander, and «ἠμαθόεντος Πύλου» (Β 77), and whatever is of this sort. Some, however, say that it is Λειμήρη with a diphthong, as having meadows, or with ι, as ‘having many harbors’, according to Artemidorus. It was also called Μειλισσία and Αἱμηρά, because the altar of Asclepius was continually stained with blood by the sacrifices. Then Ἐπίταυρος and Ἐπίδαυρος.
Κένταυρος, Ἄναυρος, Ἄγλαυρος, Κάλαυρος, the one of Poseidon, Μάταυρος, a city of Sicily, a foundation of the Locrians. Βάναυρος, son of Ajax, from whom the Βαναυρίδες, Tyrrhenian islands. θησαυρός, as a containing word, is accented with the acute, just as also the words of three genders: ἀμαυρός, ἀφαυρός, and ἀγαυρός.