Lists numerous place-names ending in -σος/-σσός (Anatolian Greek and other regions) and discusses accentuation patterns for hyperdisyllabic -σος forms, with citations of Herodotus, Hecataeus, Homer, Thucydides, Demosthenes, Apollodorus, Theopompus.
ἡ καὶ Καβησσός. Κυβασσός πόλις Καρίας. Πρινασσός πόλις Καρίας. Ῥυτιασσός. Τὰ εἰς 'σος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα ἁπλῷ τῷ 'ε' παραληγόμενα σπάνια ἓν 'σ' ἔχοντα προπαροξύνεται, Ἔφεσος πόλις Ἰωνίας ἐπιφανεστάτη καὶ λιμὴν ἐν κόλπῳ. Ἡρόδοτος δὲ Λυδίας αὐτήν φησιν (I 142). ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ μιᾶς τῶν Ἀμαζόνων, ἣν καὶ βασίλισσαν καὶ πρόπολον Ἀρτέμιδος εἶναί φασιν. ἔστι καὶ Ἔφεσος νῆσος ἐν τῷ Νείλῳ καὶ Χίος καὶ Λέσβος καὶ Κύπρος καὶ Σάμος καὶ ἄλλαι, ὡς Ἑκαταῖος. Ἔρεσος πόλις Λέσβου ἀπὸ Ἐρέσου τοῦ Μάκαρος. τὸ μέντοι Θυεσσός πόλις Λυδίας ἀπὸ Θυεσσοῦ καπήλου—ἔστι καὶ Πισιδίας—δύο 'σσ' ἔχον ὀξύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'σος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα τῷ 'η' παραληγόμενα ἕτερον ἔχοντα 'σ' ὀξύνεται· εἰ δέ τι βαρύτονον εἴη, παρώνυμον ἂν εἴη. τὰ δὲ ἓν ἀναδεξάμενα 'σ' βαρύνεται, σπάνια δέ ἐστι, χωρὶς εἰ μὴ ἔννοιαν συνθέσεως ἔχοι. Ταρτησσός πόλις Ἰβηρίας ἀπὸ ποταμοῦ τοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀργυροῦ ὄρους ῥέοντος. Λυρνησσός πόλις Τρωϊκή. Λυκαβησσός. Μυκαλησσός πόλις ἐν μεσογείᾳ Βοιωτίας. Θουκυδίδης ἑβδόμῃ (c. 29). ἐκλήθη δὲ ὅτι ἡ βοῦς ἐνταῦθα ἐμυκήσατο ἡ τὸν Κάδμον καὶ τὸν σὺν αὐτῷ στρατὸν ἀγαγοῦσα εἰς Θήβας. ἔστι καὶ ἄλλη Καρίας, ὡς Ἔφορος τρίτῳ. ἔστι καὶ ὄρος Μυκαλησσός ἐναντίον Σάμου. Τευμησσός ὄρος Βοιωτίας. Ὅμηρος ἐν τῷ εἰς Ἀπόλλωνα ὕμνῳ (v. 224) »εἰς Μυκαλησσὸν ἰὼν καὶ Τευμησσὸν λεχεποίην«. ἄστυ, ὡς Δημοσθένης ἐν τρίτῳ Βιθυνιακῶν. ἐκλήθη δ´ οὕτως, ὡς Ἀντίμαχος πρώτῳ Θηβαΐδος. οὕνεκά οἱ Κρονίδης, ὅστε μέγα πᾶσιν ἀνάσσει, ἄντρον ἐνὶ σκηνῇ τευμήσατο, τόφρα κεν εἴη Φοίνικος κούρη κεκυθμένα, ὄφρα ἑ μή τις μηδὲ θεῶν ἄλλος γε παρὲξ φράσσαιτό κεν αὐτοῦ. Ἐδεβησσός πόλις Λυκίας, Ἐρβησσός πόλις Σικελίας. Ὀρδησσός, Ὀδησσός πόλις ἐν πόντῳ πρὸς τῷ Σαλμυδησσῷ. Ἀπολλόδωρος δ´ ὄρος μέγα τὴν Ὀδησσόν φησιν. Σαλμυδησσός κόλπος τοῦ Πόντου. Ἀγησσός πόλις Θρᾴκης ὡς Θεόπομπος ἐν τεσσαρακοστῇ ἑβδόμῃ. Ἀκαλησσός πόλις Λυκίας, Ἀσσησσός πόλις Μιλησίας γῆς. Θεόπομπος
Cabessus as well. Cybassus, a city of Caria. Prinassus, a city of Caria. Rhytiassus.
The polysyllables in -σος, with simple ε in the penult, are rare; those having a single σ are accented on the antepenult: Ἔφεσος, a most famous city of Ionia and a harbor in a gulf. Herodotus, however, says that it is of Lydia (I 142). And it was named from one of the Amazons, whom they say was both queen and attendant of Artemis. There is also an Ἔφεσος, an island in the Nile, and Chios and Lesbos and Cyprus and Samos and others, as Hecataeus says. Ἔρεσος, a city of Lesbos, from Eresus son of Macar.
But Θυεσσός, a city of Lydia, from Thyessus the innkeeper—there is also one of Pisidia—having two σσ, is accented on the ultima.
The polysyllables in -σος, with η in the penult, having a single σ, are accented on the ultima; but if any should be barytone, it would be a derivative. Those, however, that have taken a single σ are barytone; but they are rare, unless they have the notion of composition.
Ταρτησσός, a city of Iberia, from the river that flows from the Silver Mountain. Λυρνησσός, a Trojan city. Λυκαβησσός. Μυκαλησσός, a city in the interior of Boeotia. Thucydides in the seventh book (c. 29). And it was so called because the cow bellowed there, the cow that led Cadmus and the army with him to Thebes. There is also another in Caria, as Ephorus in the third book. There is also a mountain Mycalessus opposite Samos.
Τευμησσός, a mountain of Boeotia. Homer in the Hymn to Apollo (v. 224): “going to Μυκαλησσός and to Τευμησσός, maker of beds.” A town, as Demosthenes in the third book of the Bithynian speeches. And it was so called, as Antimachus in the first book of the Thebaid: “because for her the son of Cronus, who rules mightily over all, fashioned a cave in a hut, so that the daughter of Phoenix might be hidden, so that no one, not even any other of the gods besides, might perceive her there.”
Ἐδεβησσός, a city of Lycia; Ἐρβησσός, a city of Sicily. Ὀρδησσός; Ὀδησσός, a city on the Pontus near Salmydessus. Apollodorus says that Odessus is a great mountain. Σαλμυδησσός, a gulf of the Pontus. Ἀγησσός, a city of Thrace, as Theopompus in the forty-seventh book. Ἀκαλησσός, a city of Lycia; Ἀσσησσός, a city of the Milesian land. Theopompus