Accentuation and formation of adjectives and nouns in -ετος/-ετός, rules for trisyllabic and longer forms, examples (ἀφετος, ἀνετος, αἰνετος, Λάμητος, Μίλητος), and some place-names and ethnonyms.
ἄφετος, ἄνετος, Αἴνετος, αἰνετός δὲ τὸ ἐπίθετον. Λάμπετος υἱὸς Ἴρου, πάγετος, ὅπερ ὀξύνει ἡ συνήθεια. ἔτι ὀξύνεται καὶ ἀετός καὶ αἰετός. Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'ετος' τρισύλλαβα προσηγορικὰ ἢ ἐπιθετικὰ ὀξύνεται, εἰ μὴ παρωνύμως τετύπωται, νιφετός, ὑετός, κοπετός, πυρετός, τοκετός, συρφετός. τὸ μέντοι ἄσχετος, ἄσπετος, γνύπετος ὁ χαῦνος προπαροξύνεται. * Τὰ ὑπὲρ τρεῖς συλλαβὰς διὰ τοῦ 'ετος' ἐκφερόμενα, μὴ ἔχοντα παρασχηματισμὸν θηλυκοῦ, ἐπιθετικῶς μὲν λαμβανόμενα τρίτην ἀπὸ τέλους θέλει ἔχειν τὴν ὀξεῖαν ὥσπερ ἔχει τὸ ἀμαιμάκετος, περιμήκετος, ἀριδείκετος, ἐξαίρετος, παλινάγρετος, τηλύγετος, Ταΰγετος, ἀτρύγετος. τὸ δὲ λαιλαπετός μὴ ὂν ἐπιθετικὸν ὠξύνθη καὶ τὸ Ἰαπετός ἐπὶ κυρίου. οὕτως οὖν καὶ τὸ ἀφυσγετός, εἴπερ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπιθετικόν, ὑγιῶς ὀξυτονηθήσεται κατὰ τὸν Ἀρίσταρχον. ἢ εἴπερ αὐτὸ βαρύνομεν κατὰ τὸν Τυραννίωνα, δώσομεν αὐτὸ καὶ ἐπικεῖσθαί τινι. Τὰ εἰς 'τος' κύρια ἢ ἐπίθετα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'η' μονογενῆ βαρύνονται, Ἄρητος, Λάμητος ποταμὸς πρὸς Κρότωνι, ἀφ´ οὗ Λαμητῖνοι πόλις. Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ «ἐν δὲ Λάμητος ποταμός, ἐν δὲ Λαμητῖνοι». Μέλητος ὄνομα κύριον, βύνητος εἶδος ἱματίου παρ´ Αἰγυπτίοις. Μάσητος πόλις Ἀργείων, ἣ καὶ Μάσης. Μίλητος πόλις ἐπιφανὴς ἐν Καρίᾳ τῶν Ἰώνων. Ἑκαταῖος Ἀσίᾳ. Δίδυμος δ´ ἐν τοῖς συμποσιακοῖς φησιν, ὅτι πρῶτον Λελεγηίς ἐκαλεῖτο ἀπὸ τῶν ἐνοικούντων Λελέγων, εἶτα Πιτύουσα ἀπὸ τῶν ἐκεῖ πιτύων καὶ ὅτι ἐκεῖ πρῶτον πίτυς ἔφυ. οἱ γὰρ Μιλήσιοι ἐν τοῖς θεσμοφορίοις πίτυος κλάδον ὑπὸ τὴν στιβάδα... καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τῆς Δήμητρος ἱερὰ κλῶνον πίτυος τίθεσθαι... διὰ τὸ ἀρχαῖον τῆς γενέσεως. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἀπὸ Ἄνακτος τοῦ Γῆς καὶ Οὐρανοῦ ὠνομάσθη Ἀνακτορία. ἔστι δὲ καὶ Κρητικὴ πόλις Μίλητος. λέγεται δὲ καὶ τὴν Καλυψοῦς νῆσον Μίλητον κληθῆναί ποτε. Κόρητος. Κατάρητος ὁ ποταμός. Αἴνητος ὄνομα κύριον, τρύγητος
ἄφετος, ἄνετος, Αἴνετος; but αἰνετός is the adjective. Λάμπετος, son of Ἴρος; πάγετος, which usage accents with an acute. Further, ἀετός and αἰετός are also accented with an acute. The trisyllabic appellatives or adjectives in -ετος are accented with an acute, unless they are formed paronymously: νιφετός, ὑετός, κοπετός, πυρετός, τοκετός, συρφετός. But ἄσχετος, ἄσπετος, γνύπετος ‘the loose’ are accented with a proparoxytone. The words of more than three syllables ending in -ετος, not having a corresponding feminine formation, when taken adjectivally, require the acute on the third syllable from the end, as ἀμαιμάκετος, περιμήκετος, ἀριδείκετος, ἐξαίρετος, παλινάγρετος, τηλύγετος, Ταΰγετος, ἀτρύγετος. But λαιλαπετός, not being an adjective, was accented with an acute, and likewise Ἰαπετός as a proper name. Thus then ἀφυσγετός too, if it is not adjectival, will correctly be given an acute accent according to Aristarchus; or if we give it a grave accent according to Tyrannion, we shall also allow it to be construed with something. Proper names or adjectives in -τος with penult in η, being of one gender, are accented with a grave: Ἄρητος; Λάμητος, a river near Croton, from which the Lametini, a city. Hecataeus in his Europe: “and there is the river Λάμητος, and there are the Lametini.” Μέλητος, a proper name; βύνητος, a kind of garment among the Egyptians. Μάσητος, a city of the Argives, which is also Μάσης. Μίλητος, a famous city in Caria of the Ionians. Hecataeus in his Asia. And Didymus in the Sympotic writings says that it was first called Lelegeïs from the Leleges who dwelt there, then Pityousa from the pines there, and that there the pine first grew; for the Milesians at the Thesmophoria place a branch of pine under the couch … and at the rites of Demeter they set a twig of pine … because of the antiquity of its origin. After this it was named Anaktoria from Anax, son of Earth and Heaven. There is also a Cretan city Mίλητος. And it is said that the island of Calypso too was once called Mίλητος. Κόρητος. Κατάρητος, the river. Αἴνητος, a proper name; τρύγητος.