Discussion of Greek accentuation patterns for words ending in -τος, with examples of place-names and ethnics (e.g., Molotos, Madytos, Aphytos, Akyto, Berytos, Boiotos, Apodotos, Arachotos) and rules about proparoxytone, paroxytone, trisyllabic forms and vowel behavior.
καταλήγουσαν σπάνιά εἰσιν, ὀνοτός, Μολοτός ἔθνος τῆς Ἠπείρου καὶ τόπος, δι´ ἑνὸς 'τ' καὶ Μολοττός, ὀμοτός. τὸ μέντοι ἄροτος καὶ βίοτος προπαροξύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'τος' ὑπερδισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα 'υ' βραχεῖ κύρια ὄντα βαρύνεται, Ἔρυτος, Ἄνυτος, Εὔρυτος Μελανέως πατήρ, Αἴπυτος, Ὄρνυτος, Μάδυτος πόλις Ἑλλησποντία. Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ καὶ ἄλλοι. λέγεται καὶ Μάδυτα. Ὤκυτος. Ἄφυτος πόλις Θρᾴκης, ἣ καὶ Ἀφύτη καὶ Ἄφυτις, Ἄκυτος νῆσος περὶ Κυδωνίαν τῆς Κρήτης. πρόσκειται κύρια διὰ τὰ τριγενῆ ἁπλᾶ ὄντα, ἃ ὀξύνεται, φορυτός, πινυτός. τὸ δὲ ἄλυτος σύνθετον προπαροξύνεται. τὰ δὲ τρισύλλαβα ἐκτεταμένον τὸ 'υ' ἔχοντα ὀξύνεται, Βηρυτός πόλις Φοινίκης, κωκυτός, Καρδυτός πόλις Σύρων μεγάλη, ὡς Ἑκαταῖος ἐν περιηγήσει Ἀσίας. βουλυτός, Κορδυτός πόλις Παμφυλίας. Ἑκαταῖος Ἀσίᾳ. γωρυτός. Κολλυτός ὁ υἱὸς Διόμου. τὸ δὲ Σεβέννυτος πόλις Αἰγύπτου καὶ λιμὴν καὶ ποταμὸς προπαροξύνεται ὑπερβαῖνον τὴν τρισυλλαβίαν. Τὰ εἰς 'τος' τρισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'ω' ὀξύνεται, πτερωτός, τορνωτός, χρυσωτός, αὐλωτός, κηρωτός, κροκωτός, Βοιωτός, ὃν γενέσθαι φασὶ Ἰτώνου τοῦ Ἀμφικτύονος τοῦ νεωτέρου τῶν Δευκαλίωνος καὶ Πύρρας παίδων. Νικόστρατος δέ φησιν, ὅτι Ποσειδῶνος καὶ Ἄρνης ἦν παῖς. Εὐφορίων ὄφρα κε μαντεύοιτο μεθ´ υἱάσι Βοιωτοῖο, τόν ῥα Ποσειδάωνι δαμασσαμένη τέκεν Ἄρνη, Βοιωτὸν δ´ ὀνόμηνε. τὸ γὰρ καλέσαντο νομῆες, ὅττι ῥα πατρῴῃσι βοῶν ἀπεθήκατο κόπροις. καὶ Εὐριπίδης «τὸν δ´ ἀμφὶ βοῦς ῥιφέντα Βοιωτὸν καλεῖν». τὸ ἐθνικὸν ὅμοιον Βοιωτός. Ἀποδωτός ἔθνος Αἰτωλίας. Θουκυδίδης τρίτῃ (c. 94) «ἐπιχειρεῖν δ´ ἐκέλευον πρῶτον μὲν Ἀποδωτοῖς, ἔπειτα Ὀφιονεῦσιν». Ἀραχωτός ποταμὸς Ἰνδικῆς ῥέων ἀπὸ Καυκάσου, ὡς Φαβωρῖνος καὶ Στράβων ἑνδεκάτῃ. καὶ ἀπ´ αὐτοῦ Ἀραχωτοί πόλις Ἰνδικῆς. εἰσὶ καὶ ἄλλοι πλησίον Μασσαγετῶν ὡς Στράβων ἑνδεκάτῃ. διχῶς δὲ
Such endings are rare: ὀνοτός, Μολοτός, a people of Epirus and a place, with a single τ, and also Μολοττός, ὀμοτός. ἄροτος, however, and βίοτος are accented on the antepenult. Words in -τος, of more than two syllables, with short υ in the penult, being proper names, are accented with the grave: Ἔρυτος, Ἄνυτος, Εὔρυτος, father of Μελανεύς, Αἴπυτος, Ὄρνυτος, Μάδυτος, a city of the Hellespont. So Hecataeus in his Europe, and others. It is also said Μάδυτα. Ὤκυτος. Ἄφυτος, a city of Thrace, which is also Ἀφύτη and Ἄφυτις; Ἄκυτος, an island near Κυδωνία of Crete. “Proper names” is added because of the simple triforms, which are accented on the ultima: φορυτός, πινυτός. But ἄλυτος, being a compound, is accented on the antepenult. Trisyllables, however, with lengthened υ are accented on the ultima: Βηρυτός, a city of Phoenicia; κωκυτός; Καρδυτός, a great city of the Syrians, as Hecataeus says in his Circuit of Asia; βουλυτός; Κορδυτός, a city of Pamphylia—Hecataeus in his Asia; γωρυτός; Κολλυτός, the son of Διόμος. But Σεβέννυτος, a city of Egypt, and a harbor and a river, is accented on the antepenult, exceeding three syllables. Trisyllables in -τος with ω in the penult are accented on the ultima: πτερωτός, τορνωτός, χρυσωτός, αὐλωτός, κηρωτός, κροκωτός, Βοιωτός, whom they say was born as the son of Ἰτώνος, son of Ἀμφικτύων the younger, one of the children of Deucalion and Pyrrha. Nicostratus, however, says that he was the child of Poseidon and Ἄρνη. Euphorion: “so that he might prophesy among the sons of Βοιωτός—him Ἄρνη, having been subdued by Poseidon, bore, and she named him Βοιωτός; for the herdsmen called him so, because he had been laid in the dung of his paternal cattle.” And Euripides: “and him, cast among cattle, they call Βοιωτός.” The ethnic is the same as Βοιωτός. Ἀποδωτός, a people of Aetolia. Thucydides in the third book (c. 94): “and they ordered them to make the attempt first against the Ἀποδωτοί, then against the Ὀφιονεῖς.” Ἀραχωτός, a river of India flowing from the Caucasus, as Favorinus and Strabo in the eleventh book say; and from it Ἀραχωτοί, a city of India. There are also others near the Massagetae, as Strabo in the eleventh book says. And in two ways, however—