Discusses Greek accentuation of polysyllabic words ending in -αις, -εις, -οεις, with examples (Aeolic forms, toponyms) and citations (Homer, Pindar).
Τὰ εἰς 'αις' πολυσύλλαβα Αἰολικῶς λεγόμενα βαρύνεται, Ἀτρείδαις ἀντὶ τοῦ Ἀτρείδης, Ὀρέσταις, μέλαις ἀντὶ τοῦ μέλας, Θόαις, τάλαις καὶ τὰ σύνθετα ἄπαις, εὔπαις, ἀνδρόπαις, ὁμόδαις. καθόλου γὰρ ἡ 'αις' κατάληξις ἀποστρέφεται τὴν ὀξεῖαν τάσιν, παῖς, σταῖς, καλαῖς σοφαῖς, μεγάλαις ἀρίσταις χωρὶς τοῦ δαίς. τοῦτο γὰρ ὀξύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'εις' πολυσύλλαβα ὀνόματα κοινολεκτούμενα παροξύνεται. ταῦτα δὲ παραλήγεται ἢ τῷ 'α', ὡς ἔχει τὸ ἀντάεις, αὐλάεις, σκιάεις ἢ τῷ 'η' ὡς φωνήεις, αὐδήεις, παχνήεις, τιμήεις, δαφνήεις, Κυπαρισσήεις πόλις Μαγνησίας. Ὅμηρος «Κυπαρισσήεντα καὶ Ἀμφιγένειαν ἔναιον» (Β 593), φθογγήεις, τελήεις, ἀμφιγυήεις, θυήεις «βωμός τε θυήεις (Θ 48) ἢ κατὰ συστολὴν ποιητικὴν τὸ 'ε' ἠχέεις, βρωμέεις, ἢ τὸ 'ο', ὥσπερ ἀστερόεις, ἁρματόεις, ἀνεμόεις, αἱματόεις, δροσόεις, ὑδατόεις, πυρόεις, Σιμόεις, ἐρόεις, κερόεις, τειχιόεις· ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἐθνικὸν τῆς Τειχιοέσσης καὶ φρούριον πλησίον τῆς Τραχῖνος. Ταυρόεις πόλις Κελτική, Μασσαλιητῶν ἄποικος. Ἀρτεμίδωρος ἐν πρώτῳ γεωγραφουμένων φησὶν ὅτι ταυροφόρος ἦν ἡ ναῦς ἡ διακομίσασα τοὺς τὴν πόλιν κτίσαντας, οἳ ἀπορριφέντες ἀπὸ τοῦ στόλου τῶν Φωκαέων καὶ προσενεχθέντες αὐτόθι ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐπισήμου τῆς νεὼς τὴν πόλιν ὠνόμασαν. Ὀπόεις πόλις Λοκρῶν τῶν Ἐπικνημιδίων. Μαλόεις Ἀπόλλων ἐν Λέσβῳ καὶ ὁ τόπος τοῦ ἱεροῦ Μαλόεις ἀπὸ Μήλου τῆς Μαντοῦς, ὡς Ἑλλάνικος ἐν Λιβυκῶν πρώτῳ. σκιόεις, τερμιόεις. ἢ τὸ 'ω' ὡς εὐρώεις, κητώεις, ὠτώεις, κηώεις. ὅθεν τὸ χαριτόεις παρὰ Ἀνακρέοντι ἀναλογώτερόν ἐστι τοῦ χαρίεις παραληγομένου τῷ 'ι'. τὸ δὲ »ὑγίεντα δ´ εἴ τις ὄλβον« (Pind. Ol. V 54) ὁ μὲν Ἀρίσταρχος ἀναγινώσκει ὀξύτονον τὴν παραλήγουσαν ἀντὶ τοῦ ὑγιαίνοντα, τινὲς δὲ ὡς χαρίεντα. τὸ δὲ ἀντήρεις, ὃ λέγεται πᾶν, εἰς ὃ ἐρείδεταί τις, ἐστὶ θηλυκόν. γράφεται
The polysyllables in -αις, when spoken in Aeolic fashion, are barytone: Ἀτρείδαις for Ἀτρείδης, Ὀρέσταις, μέλαις for μέλας, Θόαις, τάλαις, and the compounds ἄπαις, εὔπαις, ἀνδρόπαις, ὁμόδαις. For in general the ending -αις rejects the acute accent: παῖς, σταῖς, καλαῖς, σοφαῖς, μεγάλαις, ἀρίσταις, except δαίς; for this is accented with an acute.
Polysyllabic nouns in -εις, in common usage, are paroxytone. These have the penult either with α, as ἀντάεις, αὐλάεις, σκιάεις; or with η, as φωνήεις, αὐδήεις, παχνήεις, τιμήεις, δαφνήεις, Κυπαρισσήεις, a city of Magnesia. Homer: “Κυπαρισσήεντα καὶ Ἀμφιγένειαν ἔναιον” (Β 593); also φθογγήεις, τελήεις, ἀμφιγυήεις, θυήεις: “βωμός τε θυήεις” (Θ 48); or, by poetic contraction, with ε: ἠχέεις, βρωμέεις; or with ο, as ἀστερόεις, ἁρματόεις, ἀνεμόεις, αἱματόεις, δροσόεις, ὑδατόεις, πυρόεις, Σιμόεις, ἐρόεις, κερόεις, τειχιόεις. There is also an ethnic name from Τειχιοέσσα, and a fort near Trachis.
Ταυρόεις is a Celtic city, a colony of the Massaliots. Artemidorus in the first book of his Geography says that the ship that conveyed those who founded the city bore a bull; and that they, having been cast off from the fleet of the Phocaeans and brought ashore there, named the city from the ship’s emblem. Ὀπόεις is a city of the Locrians of Epicnemidia. Μαλόεις is Apollo in Lesbos, and the site of the sanctuary is called Μαλόεις from Μήλος, the son of Mantus, as Hellanicus says in the first book of his Libyca. σκιόεις, τερμιόεις.
Or with ω, as εὐρώεις, κητώεις, ὠτώεις, κηώεις. Hence χαριτόεις in Anacreon is more in accordance with analogy than χαρίεις with penult in ι. But “ὑγίεντα δ´ εἴ τις ὄλβον” (Pind. Ol. V 54) Aristarchus reads with the penult accented with an acute, in the sense of ὑγιαίνοντα, while some read it as χαρίεντα. And ἀντήρεις, which means anything against which one leans, is feminine. It is written…