Discussion of Ancient Greek words and names ending in -ως, their accentuation patterns and dialectal or foreign forms (examples: ὀρφῶς, λαγῶς, τυφῶς, Ταὧς, Μανεθῶς, Τηλεβῶς, Φάργως, Ἰνάρως), treatment of paroxytone vs. oxytonic forms, and examples among place-names and feminine polysyllables with Herodotus citation.
ἀξιόχρεος ἀξιόχρεως, ἵλαος ἵλεως, ἀνάπλεως, εὔγηρως, χρυσόκερως. σεσημείωται τὸ ὀρφῶς καὶ λαγῶς. ταῦτα γὰρ οὐκ ἐφύλαξε τὸν τόνον τῶν κοινῶν· τοῦ μὲν γὰρ ὀρφῶς τὸ κοινὸν ὄρφος ἐστὶ βαρυτόνως, τοῦ δὲ λαγῶς ὀξυτόνως λαγός. καὶ ἐν τοῖς εἰς 'ως' ὑπὲρ μίαν συλλαβὴν οὐδὲν περισπᾶται πλὴν τοῦ ὀρφῶς καὶ λαγῶς. τὸ γὰρ τυφῶς καὶ ταὧς καὶ Μανεθῶς ἐστι δικατάληκτα. καὶ γὰρ εἰς 'ν' λήγουσι τυφῶν καὶ ταὧν καὶ Μανεθῶν. τὸ δὲ ταὧς ἀπὸ τοῦ ταός, ὥς τινες βούλονται, οὐκ ἠδύνατο εἶναι, ἐπειδὴ τὸ ταός διὰ τοῦ 'ος' οὐκ ἔστι σύνηθες παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν. Πάντα δὲ τὰ εἰς 'ως' περισπασθέντα ἄνευ λόγου περιεσπάσθη. τὸ δὲ Τηλεβῶς ἐκ τοῦ Τηλεβόας συνῃρέθη. * Τὰ εἰς 'ως' παρὰ τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις εὑρεθέντα μὴ ἔχοντα προϋποκείμενον κοινὸν οἷον κορώνεως, φιβάλεως, δαμαρίππεως, χελιδώνεως (ἔστι δὲ εἴδη φυτῶν), ἱέρεως ὁ ἱερεύς πάντα προπαροξύνονται. Τὰ εἰς 'ως' Περσικὰ ἢ Αἰγύπτια παροξύνεται, Φάργως, Ἰνάρως ὄνομα βασιλέως, Παραμίζως ὄνομα εὐνούχου, Σαβάκως. τὸ δὲ Μάννεως χώρα συνεξωμοιώθη τοῖς Ἀττικοῖς οἷον Μενέλεως. Τὰ εἰς 'ως' θηλυκὰ πολυσύλλαβα βαρύνεται μέν, ὅσα βραχείᾳ παραλήγει, Κέως, Τέως πόλις μέση Ἰωνίας, ὡς Ἡρόδοτος πρώτῃ (c. 142), ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀθάμαντος θυγατρὸς Ἀρᾶς. σκοπουμένου γὰρ τοῦ Ἀθάμαντος ἔνθα ἱδρύσει τὸν λαόν, ἀθύρουσα οἷα δὴ παῖς ἐκ λίθων οἰκίαν δειμαμένη ἔλεγεν »ἕως σὺ χῶρον ἐσκόπεις, τέως ἐγὼ πόλιν σοι ἐδειμάμην«. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἡ πόλις οὕτως ὠνομάσθη. ἔστι καὶ ἑτέρα πόλις ἐν Δυρβαίοις τῆς Σκυθίας, ἐν ᾗ λέγουσι λίμνην ἰχθύων ἔχουσαν πλῆθος,
ἀξιόχρεος, ἀξιοχρέως; ἵλαος, ἵλεως; ἀνάπλεως, εὔγηρως, χρυσόκερως. Marked as exceptional are ὀρφῶς and λαγῶς. For these did not keep the accent of the common forms: for the common form of ὀρφῶς is ὄρφος with a grave accent, whereas that of λαγῶς is λαγός with an acute. And among the words in -ως of more than one syllable nothing is circumflexed except ὀρφῶς and λαγῶς. For τυφῶς and ταὧς and Μανεθῶς are “right-ending” forms; for they also end in -ν: τυφῶν and ταὧν and Μανεθῶν. But ταὧς, from ταός as some wish, could not be, since ταός with -ος is not a customary word among the Greeks. And all the -ως forms that have been circumflexed have been circumflexed without reason. But Τηλεβῶς has been contracted from Τηλεβόας. The -ως forms found among the Athenians that have no underlying common form, such as κορώνεως, φιβάλεως, δαμαρίππεως, χελιδώνεως (these are kinds of plants), and ἱέρεως ‘the priest’, are all accented on the antepenult. The Persian or Egyptian -ως forms are accented on the penult: Φάργως, Ἰνάρως (name of a king), Παραμίζως (name of a eunuch), Σαβάκως. But Μάννεως, a district, has been assimilated to the Attic forms, as e.g. Μενέλεως. Feminine polysyllabic -ως forms are accented with a grave, insofar as they have a short penult: Κέως, Τέως, a city in mid-Ionia, as Herodotus in the first book (c. 142); and it was named from Ara, daughter of Athamas. For when Athamas was considering where he should settle the people, she, playing like a child and having built a house out of stones, said: “While you were looking for a place, in the meantime I have built you a city.” And for this reason the city was so named. There is also another city among the Dyrbaeans of Scythia, in which they say there is a lake having a multitude of fish,