List of ancient place names (cities, regions) with brief location notes and foundation myths/references (e.g., Caria, Tarsus, Antiochia, Margiana, Attaleia, Akademeia).
μεταξὺ κοίλης Συρίας καὶ Ἀραβίας, Σεμιράμιδος. ἕκτη Κιλικίας ἐπὶ τοῦ Πυράμου. ἑβδόμη Πιερίας, ἣν Ἄραδον οἱ Σύροι καλοῦσιν. ὀγδόη ἡ ἐπὶ τῆς Καλλιρρόης λίμνης. ἐνάτη ἐπὶ τῷ Ταύρῳ ἐν Κομμαγηνῇ, δεκάτη ἐν Σκυθίᾳ. ἑνδεκάτη Καρίας, ἥτις καὶ Πυθόπολις ἐκαλεῖτο. «Ἀντιόχῳ γὰρ τῷ Σελεύκου τρεῖς γυναῖκες ἐπέστησαν ὄναρ, κτίσαι πόλιν ἐν Καρίᾳ ἑκάστη λέγουσα. ὁ δὲ ὑπολαβὼν τὴν μητέρα καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα καὶ τὴν ἀδελφήν, κτίζει τρεῖς πόλεις ἀπὸ μὲν τῆς ἀδελφῆς Λαοδίκης Λαοδίκειαν, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς γυναικὸς Νύσης Νῦσαν, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς μητρὸς Ἀντιοχίδος Ἀντιόχειαν». δωδεκάτη ἐν τῇ Μαργιανῇ Παρθυαίων. Στράβων ἑνδεκάτῃ. τρισκαιδεκάτη ἡ Ταρσός. τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτη Ἰσαυρίας ἡ Λαμπωτὶς λεγομένη. Ἀσπαλάθεια πόλις Ταφίων. Νίκανδρος ἑτεροιουμένων πρώτῃ «Ἀσπαλάθεια βοήροτος». Ἀττάλεια πόλις Λυδίας. Ἁγνώνεια πόλις Θρᾴκης πλησίον Ἀμφιπόλεως, Ἅγνωνος κτίσμα τοῦ στρατηγοῦ τῶν Ἀθηναίων. Αἰξώνεια πόλις Μαγνησίας. Ἀκαδήμεια γυμνάσιον Ἀθήνησιν ἀπὸ Ἀκαδήμου. γράφεται καὶ διὰ τοῦ 'ε' Ἐκαδήμεια· οἱ δ´ ὅτι Ἔχεμος ὁ Ἀρκὰς συστρατεύσας τοῖς Διοσκούροις ὑποχείριον ἔσχε τὴν Ἀττικήν, ἐξ οὗ Ἐχεδήμειάν φασιν. μὴ βουλόμενοι δὲ σώζεσθαι τὸ ὄνομα Ἀκαδήμειαν ἔφασαν. ἀκρώρεια ἄκρον ὄρους. Ἀλύζεια πόλις Ἀκαρνανίας ἀπὸ τοῦ παιδὸς Ἰκαρίου κληθεῖσα Ἀλύζου. Ἀμάσεια πόλις Ποντική. Ἄμφεια πόλις Μεσσήνης. Παυσανίας τετάρτῳ ( 5, 8). Ἁρπαλύκεια πόλις Φρυγίας κτίσμα Γορδιοτειχιτῶν. Βάλκεια πόλις περὶ τὴν Προποντίδα. Βατίεια τόπος τῆς Τρωάδος ὑψηλὸς ἀπὸ Βατείας τινός, ὡς Ἑλλάνικος ἐν πρώτῃ Τρωϊκῶν ἤ, ὡς Ἐπαφρόδιτός φησιν, ἀπὸ τοῦ πάτου τῶν ἵππων ἤγουν τῆς ἀναστροφῆς τροπῇ τοῦ 'π' εἰς 'β' ἢ ἀπὸ τῶν βάτων. Ὅμηρος (Β 813) «τὴν ἤτοι ἄνδρες Βατίειαν κικλήσκουσιν». Βοαύλεια πόλις Σκυθίας. Πείσανδρος εἰκοστῇ ἕκτῃ. Βούδεια πόλις ἐν Μαγνησίᾳ τῇ κατὰ Εὐρώπην. Ὅμηρος (Π 572) Βούδειον ἔφη «ὅς ῥ´ ἐν Βουδείῳ εὐναιομένῳ». ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκίσαντος Βουδείου. οὕτω τιμᾶται Βούδεια ἡ Ἀθηνᾶ ἐν Θετταλίᾳ. Λυκόφρων (v. 359) ἡ πολλὰ δὴ Βούδειαν αἴθυιαν κόρην ἀρωγὸν αὐδάξασα τάρροθον γάμων. ἔστι καὶ Βούδεια πόλις Φρυγίας. Βουκεφάλεια πόλις ἐπὶ τῷ Βουκεφάλῳ ἵππῳ, ἣν ἔκτισεν Ἀλέξανδρος ἐν Ἰνδίᾳ παρὰ τὸν Ὑδάσπην ποταμόν. Γερμανίκεια πόλις Εὐφρατησίας. Γήρεια πόλις Ἰνδική. Γυλάκεια. οὕτως ἐκαλεῖτο ἡ τῆς Ἰλλυρίας Ἀπολλωνία ἀπὸ Γύλακος Κορινθίου. Δαιδάλεια πόλις Ἰταλίας Δαιδάλου κτίσμα. Δεκέλεια δῆμος τῆς Ἱπποθοωντίδος φυλῆς ἀπὸ Δεκέλου τοῦ ἡγησαμένου τοῖς Διοσκούροις εἰς Ἀφίδνας, ὡς Ἡρόδοτος ἐνάτῳ (c. 73). λέγεται καὶ Δεκελιά, ὅθεν τὸ τοπικὸν Δεκελιᾶθεν. Δικαιάρχεια πόλις Ἰταλίας, ἣ ἐκέκλητο Ποτίολοι. πότια δὲ τὰ φρέατα καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι, ὀλῆρε
Between Coele Syria and Arabia, (there is) Semiramis. The sixth (is) of Cilicia on the Pyramus. The seventh (is) of Pieria, which the Syrians call Ἄραδος. The eighth (is) the one by the lake of Καλλιρρόη. The ninth (is) on Taurus in Commagene, the tenth in Scythia. The eleventh (is) of Caria, which was also called Πυθόπολις. “For to Antiochus son of Seleucus three women appeared in a dream, each bidding him found a city in Caria. And he, supposing them to be his mother and his wife and his sister, founded three cities: from his sister Laodice, Laodicea; from his wife Nysa, Nysa; and from his mother Antiochis, Antioch.” The twelfth (is) in Margiana of the Parthyaeans. Strabo (counts it) as the eleventh. The thirteenth is Tarsus. The fourteenth (is) of Isauria, the one called Λαμπωτίς. Ἀσπαλάθεια, a city of the Ταφίοι. Nicander, in the first book of the Ἑτεροιούμενα: “Ἀσπαλάθεια, loud-roaring.” Ἀττάλεια, a city of Lydia. Ἁγνώνεια, a city of Thrace near Amphipolis, a foundation of Hagnon, the general of the Athenians. Αἰξώνεια, a city of Magnesia. Ἀκαδήμεια, a gymnasium at Athens, from Ἀκάδημος. It is also written with epsilon, Ἐκαδήμεια; and some say that Ἔχεμος the Arcadian, having campaigned with the Dioscuri, held Attica in subjection, from whom they say (it was called) Ἐχεδήμεια. But, not wishing the name to be preserved, they said Ἀκαδήμεια. ἀκρώρεια: a mountain promontory. Ἀλύζεια, a city of Acarnania, named from Ἄλυζος, son of Icarius. Ἀμάσεια, a city of Pontus. Ἄμφεια, a city of Messenia. Pausanias in the fourth (5, 8). Ἁρπαλύκεια, a city of Phrygia, a foundation of the people of Gordium-wall. Βάλκεια, a city around the Propontis. Βατίεια, a high place of the Troad, from someone named Βατία, as Hellanicus (says) in the first book of the Troica; or, as Epaphroditus says, from the trampling of horses, that is, their turning about, by changing π to β; or from brambles. Homer (Β 813): “which indeed men call Βατίεια.” Βοαύλεια, a city of Scythia. Peisander in the twenty-sixth. Βούδεια, a city in Magnesia in Europe. Homer (Π 572) called it Βούδειον: “who dwelt in well-inhabited Βούδειον,” from the man who settled it, Βούδειος. Thus too Βούδεια is an epithet of Athena in Thessaly. Lycophron (v. 359): “having invoked as helper the much-(honoured) Βούδεια, the gull-maiden, as a bulwark for marriages.” There is also Βούδεια, a city of Phrygia. Βουκεφάλεια, a city (named) after the horse Βουκέφαλος, which Alexander founded in India by the river Hydaspes. Γερμανίκεια, a city of Euphratesia. Γήρεια, a city of India. Γυλάκεια: thus was the Apollonia of Illyria called, from Γύλακος the Corinthian. Δαιδάλεια, a city of Italy, a foundation of Daedalus. Δεκέλεια, a deme of the Hippothoontid tribe, from Δεκέλος, who guided the Dioscuri to Aphidnae, as Herodotus (says) in the ninth (c. 73). It is also called Δεκελιά, whence the local adverb Δεκελιᾶθεν. Δικαιάρχεια, a city of Italy, which was called Ποτίολοι. And the Romans call wells πότια, …