Entries on place-names and ethnics (Ἀθηναία/Ἀθηναῖος used for women, various Greek cities and regions, explanations of formation, examples: Ἀναία, Ἀμφαναία, Ἐλαία, Ἐορδαία, etc.)
378), Ἀθηναία ἡ θεὸς μονογενῶς. λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ γυναικός, ὡς ἄλλοι μὲν πολλοί, Φιλήμων δὲ οὕτως ἐν Πτερυγίῳ νυνὶ δ´ ὅταν λάβῃ τις εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν τὰς Ἱππονίκας τᾶσδε καὶ Ναυσιστράτας καὶ Ναυσινίκας, τὰς Ἀθηναίας λέγω. Δίδυμος δέ φησιν, ὅτι Ἀθηναίας λέγουσιν ἀντὶ τοῦ Ἀττικάς. ἀστὰς δὲ τὰς γυναῖκας ἔλεγον οὐ διὰ τὸ μὴ δύνασθαι λέγειν Ἀθηναίας, ἀλλ´ ἐπειδὴ καὶ τοὺς ἄνδρας ἀστοὺς ἐκάλουν. ἀναγκαία, ἀρχαία, θυραία ἐπὶ τῆς διεξόδου, εὐναία τραγικῶς ἡ ἄγκυρα· ἔστι καὶ πόλις Ἄργους Εὐναία. γαληναία, σφενδοναία, δραχμαία, ὀπαία, κεραμὶς τὴν ὀπὴν ἐπικλείουσα, περικεφαλαία, πυκναία παρ´ Ἴωνι ἡ πνύξ. Δίδυμος δέ φησιν ὅτι «τὴν πύκνα ἂν εἴη λέγων. τὸ δὲ πυκναία ἀπὸ τοῦ πυκνή παρῆκται, ὅπερ οὐκ εἴρηται. οὐδεὶς γὰρ εἶπε προσηγορικῶς ἢ κυρίως τὸ πυκνή. τὰ γὰρ τοιαῦτα ὡς ἐπίπαν ἀπὸ μακροπαραλήκτων παράγεται, εὐνή εὐναία, Γυρή Γυραία, ἀνάγκη ἀναγκαία. τὸ ὡς ἐπίπαν εἴρηται διὰ τὸ ἅμαξα ἁμαξαία καὶ κέρας κεραία». Ἰουδαία Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ πολυίστωρ ἀπὸ τῶν παίδων Σεμιράμιδος Ἰούδα καὶ Ἰδουμαία, ὡς δὲ Κλαύδιος Ἰούλιος ἀπὸ Οὐδαίου Σπάρτων ἑνὸς ἐκ Θήβης μετὰ Διονύσου ἐστρατευκότος. Ἀλθαία πόλις Ὀλκάδων. Αἰγαία· οὕτως ἐκαλεῖτο ἡ Κάρυστος ἀπὸ Αἰγαίωνος τοῦ δυναστεύοντος. Ἀναία πόλις Καρίας «ἀντικρὺ Σάμοιο» κέκληται ἀπὸ Ἀναίας Ἀμαζόνος ἐκεῖ ταφείσης, ὡς Ἔφορος. Ἀμφαναία πόλις Δωρική. Θεόπομπος ἐν πέμπτῳ Φιλιππικῶν. Ἀμφανὰς δὲ καλεῖ αὐτὴν Ἑκαταῖος ἐν πρώτῃ γενεαλογιῶν. Ἀνακαία δῆμος τῆς Ἱπποθοωντίδος φυλῆς. Ἀρταία Περσικὴ χώρα, ἣν ἐπόλισε Πέρσης ὁ Περσέως καὶ Ἀνδρομέδας. Ἑλλάνικος ἐν Περσικῶν πρώτῃ. Ἀταία πόλις Λακωνική. Βελγαία ἡ χώρα. Βουραία πόλις Ἰταλίας ὑπὸ Βουραίου κτισθεῖσα. Γορδυαία χώρα Περσικὴ ἀπὸ Γόρδυος Τριπτολέμου παιδός, τοῦ κατὰ ζήτησιν Ἰοῦς ἐξ Ἄργους ἐλθόντος εἰς Συρίαν. ἔστι δὲ ἡ πόλις παρὰ τὰς ἐκβολὰς τοῦ Τίγριδος. Ἐλαία πόλις τῆς Ἀσίας Αἰολική, Περγαμηνῶν ἐπίνειον ἣ Κυδαινίς ὠνομάζετο, Μενεσθέως κτίσμα. ἔστι καὶ πόλις Φοινίκης Ἐλαία μεταξὺ Τύρου καὶ Σιδῶνος, ὡς Φίλων. καὶ Ἐλαία Βιθυνίας ἐπίνειον πλησίον Μυσίας. ἔστι καὶ λιμὴν Αἰθιοπίας καὶ νῆσοι τρεῖς. Ἐλυμαία χώρα Ἀσσυρίων πρὸς τῇ Περσικῇ τῆς Σουσίδος ἐγγύς. Ἐορδαία δύο χῶραι, Μυγδονίας καὶ Μακεδονίας· εἰσὶ δὲ ἄλλαι δύο, ἡ μὲν Ἰβηρίας, ἡ δὲ Θρᾴκης ἀπὸ Ἐορδοῦ τινος. Ἡλιαία δικαστήριον
Athenaia, the goddess, as a unique form. It is also said of a woman, as many others are; but Philemon speaks thus in Pterygius: “but now whenever someone takes into his house these Hippônicas and Nausistrátas and Nausinícas—I mean the Athenaías.” Didymus says that they say Athenaías instead of Attikás. And they used to call the women astás not because they were unable to say Athenaías, but because they also called the men astoús. Anankaía, Archaía, Thyraía with reference to the passage; Eunaía, in tragic usage, the anchor; there is also a city of Argos, Eunaía. Galēnaía, sphendonaía, drachmaía, opaía, a roof-tile closing the opening, perikephalaía; and Pyknaía in Ion, the Pnyx. But Didymus says: “he would be saying tḕn pýkna. And pyknaía is derived from pykḗ, which is not said; for no one has used pykḗ either as an appellative or as a proper name. For such forms as a rule are derived from words with a long penult: eunḗ, eunaía; Gyrḗ, Gyraía; anánkē, anankaía. ‘As a rule’ is said because of hámāxa, hamaxaía, and kéras, keraía.” Ioudaía: Alexander Polyhistor [derives it] from the children of Semiramis, Ioudas and Idoumaía; but Claudius Julius [derives it] from Oudaîos, one of the Spartoi from Thebes who campaigned with Dionysus. Althaía, a city of the Olkades. Aigaía: thus Karystos was called from Aigaíōn, who was ruling. Anaía, a city of Caria, “opposite Samos,” is named from Anaía, an Amazon buried there, as Ephorus says. Amphanaía, a Dorian city: Theopompus in the fifth book of the Philippica. But Hecataeus calls it Amphanàs in the first book of the Genealogies. Anakaía, a deme of the Hippothoontid tribe. Artaía, a Persian region, which Perses son of Perseus and Andromeda founded as a city; Hellanicus in the first book of the Persica. Ataía, a Laconian city. Belgaía, the region. Bouraía, a city of Italy founded by Bouraîos. Gordyaía, a Persian region from Gordys, son of Triptolemus, who in search of Io came from Argos to Syria; and the city is by the mouths of the Tigris. Elaía, an Aeolic city of Asia, the harbor of the Pergamenes, which was called Kydainís, a foundation of Menestheus. There is also a Phoenician city Elaía between Tyre and Sidon, as Philo says; and Elaía of Bithynia, a harbor near Mysia. There is also a harbor of Ethiopia and three islands. Elymaía, a region of the Assyrians toward Persia, near Susis. Eordaía: two regions, of Mygdonia and of Macedonia; and there are two others, one of Iberia and one of Thrace, from a certain Eordos. Hēliaía, a court.