Phonological and accentual observations on -οια and long -α endings with examples: Troia, Koia, Oia, Stoitai and other place-names and nouns; notes on preparoxytone of overdisyllabic -οια and stress/quantity alternations.
Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'οια' μακρά, ὅσα ἀπὸ ψιλοῦ συμφώνου ἄρχονται, βαρύνεται, ποία ἡ βοτάνη, Τροία ἀπὸ Τρωός κατὰ Βοιωτοὺς ἢ μᾶλλον ὡς Βοιωτιακόν. ἀπὸ γὰρ Τρώς Τρωός Τρώϊος καὶ Τρωΐα Τροία ὡς Ἀχελώϊος Ἀχελοῖος. εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ ἄλλαι Τροῖαι. ἐν Ἀττικῇ κώμη, ἥτις νῦν Ξυπετή δῆμος καλεῖται. ἔστι καὶ πόλις ἐν Κεστρίᾳ τῆς Χαονίας. ἔστι καὶ Αἰγύπτου πόλις. ἔστι καὶ Τροία πρὸς τῷ Ἀδρίᾳ τῆς Βενετίας, καὶ ἄλλη Λατίνων. κοία ἡ σφαῖρα, ἡ χρῆσις παρὰ Ἀντιμάχῳ »κοίας ἐκ χειρῶν σκόπελον μέτα ῥιπτάζουσιν«. ἔστι καὶ Κοία μία Ἀμαζόνων. οὕτω καὶ Οἴα ἡ κώμη. τὸ μέντοι χροιά, στοιά ὀξύνεται. τὸ δὲ Στοῖαι πόλις Λιβύης, ὡς Ἑκαταῖος περιηγήσει αὐτῆς, βαρύνεται. * Τὰ εἰς 'οια' ὑπερδισύλλαβα σπάνια ὄντα προπαροξύνεται, οἷον ἄγνοια, πρόνοια. Τὰ εἰς 'α' μακροκατάληκτα βαρύνεται παραλήγοντα τῷ 'υ', ὀξύα εἶδος ξύλου, καρύα· ἔστι καὶ χωρίον τῆς Λακωνικῆς Καρύα. Θεόπομπος νεʹ. κωδύα ἡ τῆς μήκωνος κεφαλή. Δατύα πόλις. οἰσύα, ἰξύα, σιπύα, σικύα, μελανδρύα, ἀφύα. Μαρσύα πόλις Φοινίκης
The long forms in -οια, as many as begin with a smooth consonant, are given a grave accent: ποία, the plant; Τροία from Τρωός according to the Boeotians, or rather as a Boeotian form. For from Τρώς come Τρωός, Τρώϊος, and Τρωΐα, Τροία, just as Ἀχελώϊος becomes Ἀχελοῖος. There are also other Τροῖαι: in Attica a village, which is now called the deme Ξυπετή; there is also a city in Κεστρία of Chaonia; there is also a city of Egypt; there is also Τροία by the Adriatic in Venetia, and another among the Latins. κοία, the sphere; the usage in Antimachus: «κοίας ἐκ χειρῶν σκόπελον μέτα ῥιπτάζουσιν». There is also one Κοία of the Amazons. So too Οἴα, the village. But χροιά and στοιά are given an acute accent. But Στοῖαι, a city of Libya, as Hecataeus in his description of it, is given a grave accent.
The words ending in -οια with more than two syllables, being rare, are accented with the antepenult acute, e.g. ἄγνοια, πρόνοια. The words ending in long -α, with the penult containing υ, are given a grave accent: καρύα, a kind of wood; there is also a place in Laconia, Καρύα; Theopompus, book 55. κωδύα, the head of the poppy. Δατύα, a city. οἰσύα, ἰξύα, σιπύα, σικύα, μελανδρύα, ἀφύα. Μαρσύα, a city of Phoenicia.