List of place names (towns, islands, cities) with brief etymologies and variants; followed by phonetic/morphological observations on η vs υ and υη endings.
οὕτως δὲ καὶ Σίκινος νῆσος περὶ τὴν Κρήτην πρότερον ἐκαλεῖτο. Χωλόη τὸ ὄρος τῆς Ἰταλίας, ἐν ᾧ φασι γεννηθῆναι τὸν Ἥφαιστον χωλόν. Ἀρόη πόλις Ἀχαΐας. Παυσανίας ἑβδόμῳ (c. 18, 2). ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐργασίας τῆς γῆς. λέγεται καὶ Πάτραι. Βερόη πόλις Συρίας ἣν οἱ ἐγχώριοι Βερόειαν. Βουθόη πόλις Ἰλλυρίδος ὡς Φίλων διὰ τὸ Κάδμον ἐπὶ ζεύγους βοῶν ὀχούμενον ταχέως ἀνύσαι τὴν ἐς Ἰλλυριοὺς ὁδόν. οἱ δὲ τὸν Κάδμον ἀπὸ τῆς Αἰγυπτίας Βουτοῦς ὀνομάσαι αὐτὴν καὶ παραφθαρεῖσαν καλεῖσθαι Βουθόην. Οὐδονόη λέγεται ὑπὸ τῶν Λιβύων Ἱστός νῆσος Λιβύης. Μερόη πόλις Αἰθιόπων. Ἡρόδοτος δευτέρᾳ (c. 29). ἀπὸ Μερόης. ἔστι καὶ Μερόη κατὰ ἀνατολὰς τῆς περὶ Δάφνην Ἀντιοχείας· ἔστι καὶ Μερόη πόλις Λυκίας. Ἀρσινόη πόλις Λιβύης ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ Πτολεμαίου τοῦ Φιλαδέλφου ἀδελφῆς καὶ γυναικός. δευτέρα πόλις Παραιτονίου Λιβύης ἡ πρότερον Ταύχειρα. τρίτη πόλις Συρίας ἐν Αὐλῶνι. τετάρτη τῆς κοίλης Συρίας. πέμπτη Κιλικίας. ἕκτη τῆς Αἰγύπτου πόλις ἐπὶ τοῦ Δέλτα. ἑβδόμη Κύπρου ἡ πρότερον Μάριον λεγομένη. ὀγδόη Αἰτωλίας. ἐνάτη Λύκτου. δεκάτη τῆς Τρωγλοδυτικῆς ἡ πρότερον Ὀλβία καλουμένη. ἔστι καὶ ἄλλη Λυκίας. Νινόη ἡ ἐν Καρίᾳ Ἀφροδισιὰς κτισθεῖσα ὑπὸ τῶν Πελασγῶν Λελέγων. καὶ ἐκλήθη Λελέγων πόλις. εἶτα ἐκλήθη Μεγάλη πόλις. εἶτα ἀπὸ Νίνου Νινόη. Ὀγχόη πόλις Φωκίδος. Ῥοδόη πόλις Ἰνδική. Σεθρόη πόλις Αἰγύπτου. Φολόη πόλις Ἀρκαδίας ἀπὸ Φόλου τοῦ Κενταύρου. Κολόη. Καλλιρρόη Νέστου θυγάτηρ· ἔστι καὶ Μαιάνδρου θυγάτηρ. λέγεται δὲ καὶ οὕτως λίμνη Συρίας. τὸ δὲ ἀκοή ἐκ τοῦ ἀκούω. Τὰ εἰς 'η' δισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'υ', σπάνια ὄντα, τὰ μὲν βαρύνεται, λύη ἡ στάσις ἀπὸ τῆς διαλύσεως, δύη ἡ κακοπάθεια, γύη ἡ γῆ καὶ μέρος ἀρότρου, ψύη ἡ ψύα καὶ ψόαι. τὰ δὲ ὀξύνεται, φυή καὶ Φλυή δῆμος Ἀττικὸς τῆς Κεκροπίδος φυλῆς. λέγεται καὶ Φλυεῖς. Τὰ εἰς 'υη' ὑπερδισύλλαβα βαρύνεται, ἰγνύη »ἰγνύην βεβλημένος« (Ν 212), ὀρύη, νορύη εἶδος ὀσπρίου, Λιβύη χώρα πολυώνυμος, ὡς
In this way too Σίκινος, an island near Crete, was formerly called. Χωλόη, the mountain of Italy, on which they say Hephaestus was born lame. Ἀρόη, a city of Achaea. Pausanias in the seventh (c. 18, 2): it was named from the working of the land; it is also called Πάτραι. Βερόη, a city of Syria, which the natives call Βερόεια. Βουθόη, a city of Illyris, as Philo says, because Cadmus, riding on a yoke of oxen, quickly accomplished the journey to the Illyrians; but others say that Cadmus named it from the Egyptian Βουτοῦς, and that, through corruption, it came to be called Βουθόη. Οὐδονόη is what the Libyans call Ἱστός, an island of Libya. Μερόη, a city of the Ethiopians. Herodotus in the second (c. 29): from Μερόη. There is also a Μερόη to the east of Antioch near Daphne; there is also Μερόη, a city of Lycia. Ἀρσινόη, a city of Libya, named after the sister and wife of Ptolemy Philadelphus: a second, a city of Paraetonium in Libya, formerly Ταύχειρα; a third, a city of Syria in Αὐλών; a fourth, of Coele Syria; a fifth, of Cilicia; a sixth, a city of Egypt on the Delta; a seventh, of Cyprus, formerly called Μάριον; an eighth, of Aetolia; a ninth, of Lyctus; a tenth, of the Troglodytic region, formerly called Ὀλβία. There is also another in Lycia. Νινόη, the one in Caria—Aphrodisias—founded by the Pelasgian Leleges; and it was called the city of the Leleges; then it was called Μεγάλη πόλις; then, from Ninus, Νινόη. Ὀγχόη, a city of Phocis. Ῥοδόη, a city of India. Σεθρόη, a city of Egypt. Φολόη, a city of Arcadia, from Pholus the Centaur. Κολόη. Καλλιρρόη, daughter of Nestus; and there is also a daughter of Maeander; and thus too a lake of Syria is called. And ἀκοή is from ἀκούω. Disyllables ending in -η with penult in -υ, being rare, are in some cases barytone: λύη, ‘dissolution’, from ‘loosening’; δύη, ‘ill-condition’; γύη, ‘earth’ and a part of a plough; ψύη, ‘ψύα’ and ‘ψόαι’. But some are oxytone: φυή; and Φλυή, an Attic deme of the Cecropid tribe; it is also called Φλυεῖς. Polysyllables ending in -υη are barytone: ἰγνύη—“struck in the ἰγνύη” (Ν 212); ὀρύη; νορύη, a kind of pulse; Λιβύη, a country of many names, as…