Discussion of Greek place-name endings (-ανή, -νη, -ενη), their accentuation and vowel quantity, with many examples and ancient citations (Hecataeus, Strabo, Theopompus, Herodotus, Apollodorus).
ἐπὶ τῶν ἀδήλων καὶ ἐκτετοπισμένων. Παρικάνη πόλις Περσική. Ἑκαταῖος Ἀσίᾳ «ἐν δ´ αὐτοῖσι πόλις Παρικάνη οὔνομα». τὸ δὲ μηχανή ὀξύνεται. ὡσαύτως καὶ Ἀμφαναί πόλις Δωρική. Ἑκαταῖος ἐν πρώτῃ γενεαλογιῶν. Θεόπομπος Ἀμφαναίαν αὐτὴν καλεῖ ἐν πέμπτῳ Φιλιππικῶν. ἔστι καὶ χωρίον Θεσσαλίας ὡσαύτως. τὰ δὲ εἰς 'ανη' 'α' μακρῷ παραληγόμενα ἔχοντα ἔννοιάν τινος προσυπακουομένου ἐπὶ χωρῶν καὶ ἐπὶ πόλεων ὀξύνεται, Ματιανή μοῖρα τῆς Μηδίας. Στράβων ἑνδεκάτῃ «τοῦτο δὲ γίνεται καὶ τῆς Μηδίας ἐν τῇ Ματιανῇ». Ἀσιανή πόλις Ἠλείας. Ἀχριανή πόλις Ὑρκανίας. Πολύβιος δεκάτῳ. Σογδιανή χωρίον περὶ τὴν Βακτριανήν. Σουσιανή ἡ χώρα καὶ κώμη Σουσιανή. Συρβανή νῆσος ἐν τῷ Εὐφράτῃ. Τὰ εἰς 'νη' δισύλλαβα τῷ 'ε' παραληγόμενα καὶ βαρύνεται καὶ ὀξύνεται. βαρύνεται τὸ ἔνη, ὀξύνεται τὸ Θεναί πόλις Κρήτης, τινὲς δὲ Ἀρκαδίας. οἱ δ´ ὄρος· καὶ τὸ Μεναί πόλις Σικελίας ἐγγὺς Παλικῶν. Ἀπολλόδωρος ἐν δευτέρῳ χρονικῶν. καὶ τὸ εὐνή μετὰ τοῦ 'υ'. γέγονε γὰρ ἀπὸ τοῦ εἷς ἑνός ἑνή καὶ εὐνή, ψιλουμένης τῆς 'ευ' διφθόγγου, ἐπεὶ τὸ 'υ' πλεονάζον ψιλοῖ τὰ πρὸ ἑαυτοῦ φωνήεντα, ἕκηλος εὔκηλος, ἕαδε εὔαδε. εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ Εὐναί πόλις Καρίας, ἐν ᾗ ποταμὸς Εὐναῖος. Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'ενη' ὑπερδισύλλαβα μονογενῆ βαρύνεται, ὠλένη, Ἑλένη νῆσος τῆς Ἀττικῆς. Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ. ἐκεῖ γὰρ ἀποβῆναί φασι τὴν Ἑλένην μετὰ τὴν ἅλωσιν Ἰλίου. ἔστι καὶ κρήνη Ἑλένη ἐν Χίῳ, ἐν ᾗ Ἑλένη ἐλούσατο. Κλυμένη. Κασμένη πόλις Σικελίας. Ἡρόδοτος ζʹ (c. 155): Κτιμένη πόλις Θεσσαλίας, ὑπὸ Πηλέως Φοίνικι δωρηθεῖσα, ἧς τοὺς πολίτας Ὅμηρος Δόλοπάς φησιν, ὡς Σίντιας τῆς Λήμνου, καὶ Τρῶας τῆς Ἰλίου καὶ Ζελείας, καὶ Ἐπειοὺς τῆς Ἤλιδος, καὶ Φαίακας τῆς Σχερίας καὶ Ἄβαντας τοὺς Εὐβοέας. οὕτω καὶ «Κτιμένην Δολοπηΐδα» (Apollon. Rhod. I 68). Δυναμένη. Μελπομένη. Κατακεκαυμένη χώρα τῆς Ἐφεσίας. Στράβων τρισκαιδεκάτῳ. Σταμένη πόλις Χαλύβων. Ἑκαταῖος Ἀσίᾳ. Ἀρμένη κώμη Παφλαγονίας. Μένιππος ἐν περίπλῳ, παρὰ δὲ Ξενοφῶντι ἐν ἀναβάσεως ϛʹ ( 1, 9) Ἀρμήνη διὰ τοῦ 'η'. Λυκοσθένη πόλις Λυδίας. Ξάνθος πρώτῃ Λυδιακῶν, ἣν καὶ Λυκοσθένειαν
On those that are unclear and displaced. Παρικάνη, a Persian city. Hecataeus in Asia: “and among them a city, Παρικάνη by name.” But μηχανή is accented on the acute. Likewise also Ἀμφαναί, a Doric city. Hecataeus in the first book of Genealogies. Theopompus calls it Ἀμφαναία in the fifth book of the Philippics. There is also likewise a district of Thessaly. But those ending in -ανη, with long α in the penult, and having the notion of something implied, in the case of regions and in the case of cities, are accented on the acute: Ματιανή, a portion of Media. Strabo in the eleventh book: “and this occurs also in Media, in Ματιανή.” Ἀσιανή, a city of Elis. Ἀχριανή, a city of Hyrcania. Polybius in the tenth book. Σογδιανή, a district near Βακτριανή. Σουσιανή, the country, and a village Σουσιανή. Συρβανή, an island in the Euphrates. The disyllables in -νη with ε in the penult are both accented with the grave and with the acute: ἔνη is accented with the grave, but Θεναί, a city of Crete—some say of Arcadia—is accented on the acute; others say it is a mountain. And likewise Μεναί, a city of Sicily near the Palici. Apollodorus in the second book of the Chronicles. And εὐνή with upsilon: for from εἷς, ἑνός come ἑνή and εὐνή, the ευ diphthong being aspirated away, since the superfluous upsilon de-aspirates the vowels before it: ἕκηλος, εὔκηλος; ἕαδε, εὔαδε. There are also Εὐναί, a city of Caria, in which there is a river Εὐναῖος. The polysyllabic, single-gender words formed with -ενη are accented with the grave: ὠλένη; Ἑλένη, an island of Attica. Hecataeus in Europe. For there, they say, Ἑλένη landed after the capture of Ilium. There is also a spring Ἑλένη in Chios, in which Ἑλένη bathed. Κλυμένη. Κασμένη, a city of Sicily. Herodotus, book 7 (c. 155): Κτιμένη, a city of Thessaly, given by Peleus to Phoenix, whose citizens Homer says are called Δόλοπες, just as the people of Lemnos are called Σίντιαι, and those of Ilium and Zeleia Τρῶες, and those of Elis Ἐπειοί, and those of Scheria Φαίακες, and the Euboeans Ἄβαντες. So too “Κτιμένην Δολοπηΐδα” (Apollon. Rhod. I 68). Δυναμένη. Μελπομένη. Κατακεκαυμένη, a district of the Ephesian territory. Strabo in the thirteenth book. Σταμένη, a city of the Chalybes. Hecataeus in Asia. Ἀρμένη, a village of Paphlagonia. Menippus in the Periplus; but in Xenophon, in the sixth book of the Anabasis (1, 9), Ἀρμήνη with eta. Λυκοσθένη, a city of Lydia. Xanthus in the first book of the Lydian History, which he also calls Λυκοσθένεια.