Greek place-names and accentuation of suffix -ηνῆ; examples of -ηνη/-ηνῆ place names and discussion of disyllabic/trisyllabic accentuation
Νικόλαός φησιν. τὸ δὲ Κλαζομεναί πόλις ὀξύνεται ὡς καὶ Ἀκεσαμεναί πόλις Μακεδονίας, κτίσμα Ἀκεσαμενοῦ ἑνὸς τῶν ἐν Πιερίᾳ βασιλευσάντων, Ἀλαλκομεναί πόλις Βοιωτίας, ἣ καὶ Ἀλαλκομένιον, καὶ πόλις ἐν Ἰθάκῃ τῇ νήσῳ καὶ Ἰλλυρίας καὶ Ἰδομεναί πόλις Μακεδονίας καὶ Εὐρυμεναί πόλις Θεσσαλίας. Ἑκαταῖος Εὐρώπῃ καὶ Μισγομεναί πόλις Θεσσαλίας. Ἑλλάνικος πρώτῳ Δευκαλιωνείας. καὶ Ὀργομεναί πόλις Ἰλλυρίας καὶ Δεξαμεναί μέρος τῆς Ἀμβρακίας ἀπὸ Δεξαμενοῦ τοῦ Μεσόλου παιδὸς καὶ Ἀμβρακίας τῆς θυγατρὸς Φόρβαντος τοῦ Ἡλίου καὶ τὸ Εἰδομενή πόλις Μακεδονίας. Θουκυδίδης βʹ (c. 100). καὶ τὸ δεξαμενή, εἰαμενή ὁ κάθυγρος τόπος τοπικὴν ἔννοιαν ἔχοντα. Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'ηνη' μονογενῆ δισύλλαβα βαρύνεται, εἰ μὴ περιεκτικὰ εἴη, Ῥήνη νῆσος μικρὰ πλησίον Δήλου. λέγεται καὶ Ῥηνίς καὶ Ῥηναία. Σήνη πόλις Κελτική, φήνη τὸ ὄρνεον «φήνῃ ἐειδομένη» (γ 372), γλήνη ὁ ῥύπος, κρήνη, μήνη ἡ σελήνη. χήνη καὶ καταχήνη τὸ γέλασμα. Λήνη, Βήνη πόλις Κρήτης ὑπὸ Γόρτυν τεταγμένη. τὸ μέντοι σκηνή ὀξύνεται ὡς προσηγορικὸν περιεκτικὴν ἔχον ἔννοιαν. ὡσαύτως καὶ Σκηναί πόλις ἀξιόλογος Περσική ὡς Στράβων ιϛʹ. Τὰ διὰ τοῦ 'ηνη' τρισύλλαβα μονογενῆ βαρύνεται, Ἀρήνη πόλεις δύο, Μεσσήνης καὶ Τριφυλίας. Ὅμηρος «καὶ Ἀρήνην ἐρατεινήν» (Β 591). Ἀθήνη πόλεις κατὰ Φίλωνα ἕξ. ἡ ἐν Ἀττικῇ, περὶ ἧς φησι Χάραξ, ὅτι ὁ Θησεὺς τὰς ἕνδεκα πόλεις τὰς ἐν τῇ Ἀττικῇ συνοικίσας εἰς Ἀθήνας συνοίκια ἑορτὴν κατεστήσατο. δευτέρα πόλις Λακωνική, τρίτη Καρίας, τετάρτη Λιγυστίων, πέμπτη Ἰταλίας, ἕκτη Εὐβοίας, Δίαντος κτίσμα, ὡς Ἔφορος τρίτῃ «Ἄβαντος δὲ γίγνονται παῖδες Ἄλκων καὶ Δίας καὶ Ἀρέθουσα, ὧν ὁ μὲν Δίας κτίσας πόλιν οὕτως ἀπὸ τῆς πατρίδος ὠνόμασεν». αὗται δ´ Ἀθῆναι Διάδες λέγονται. ἑβδόμη Ἀκαρνανίας, ὡς Δημήτριος, Ἀθηναίους ἐν τῇ Κουρήτιδι κτίσαντας πόλιν Ἀθήνας προσαγορεῦσαι. ὀγδόη Βοιωτίας ἡ ἐκ τῆς λίμνης ἀναφανεῖσα μετὰ τὸ πρότερον ἐπικλυσθῆναι τῆς Κωπαΐδος, ὅτε Κράτης αὐτὴν διετάφρευσεν. ἐκλήθη δὲ πόλις, ὥς τινες μέν φασιν, Ἀθῆναι, ἄλλοι δὲ Ὀρχομενός, ὡς οἱ Βοιωτοί. ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἐν τῷ Εὐξείνῳ πόντῳ χωρίον Ἀθῆναι, ὡς Ἀρριανός. ἀνθρήνη εἶδος μελίττης, Μεσσήνη καὶ χώρα καὶ πόλις. Στράβων ὀγδόῃ. χώρα δὲ Μεσσηνία καὶ Μέσση κατὰ ἀποκοπὴν ἢ Μέση Μεσήνη, ὥς τινες.
Nicolaus says: the name Κλαζομεναί, a city, is accented with an acute, as also Ἀκεσαμεναί, a city of Macedonia, a foundation of Ἀκεσαμενός, one of those who reigned in Pieria; Ἀλαλκομεναί, a city of Boeotia, which is also called Ἀλαλκομένιον; and a city on the island of Ithaca, and one in Illyria; and Ἰδομεναί, a city of Macedonia; and Εὐρυμεναί, a city of Thessaly. Hecataeus, in his Εὐρώπη, also mentions Μισγομεναί, a city of Thessaly. Hellanicus, in the first book of his Δευκαλιωνεία. And Ὀργομεναί, a city of Illyria; and Δεξαμεναί, a district of Ambracia, from Δεξαμενός son of Μεσόλος and from Ἀμβρακία, daughter of Phorbas son of Helios; and the name Εἰδομενή, a city of Macedonia. Thucydides, book 2 (c. 100). Also δεξαμενή, ἰαμενή, “the damp place,” have a local sense.
Monogender disyllables in -ηνη are accented with a grave, unless they are inclusive in meaning: Ῥήνη, a small island near Delos; it is also called Ῥηνίς and Ῥηναία. Σήνη, a Celtic city; φήνη, the bird—“like a φήνη” (γ 372); γλήνη, “filth”; κρήνη; μήνη, “the moon”; χήνη and καταχήνη, “laughter”; Λήνη; Βήνη, a city of Crete assigned under Gortyn. But σκηνή is accented with an acute, as a common noun having an inclusive sense. Likewise Σκηναί, a noteworthy Persian city, as Strabo says in book 16.
Monogender trisyllables in -ηνη are accented with a grave: Ἀρήνη—two cities, one in Messenia and one in Triphylia. Homer: “and lovely Ἀρήνη” (Β 591). Ἀθήνη—six cities according to Philo: the one in Attica, about which Charax says that Theseus, after synoecizing the eleven cities in Attica into Athens, instituted the festival called Synoikia; a second city in Laconia; a third in Caria; a fourth among the Ligystians; a fifth in Italy; a sixth in Euboea, a foundation of Δίας, as Ephorus says in book 3: “And to Abas were born children, Alcon and Dias and Arethousa; and Dias, after founding a city, named it thus from his fatherland.” These Athenses are called Διάδες. A seventh is in Acarnania, as Demetrius says, that Athenians, after founding a city in the Curetis, called it Athens. An eighth is in Boeotia, the one that appeared from the lake after the Copais had previously been flooded, when Crates drained it by canals. And it was called a city—so some say—Ἀθῆναι, but others Ὀρχομενός, as the Boeotians do. There is also in the Euxine Sea a place called Ἀθῆναι, as Arrian says. ἀνθρήνη, a kind of bee. Μεσσήνη, both a region and a city—Strabo in book 8. The region is Messenia, and Μέσση by apocope, or Μέση Μεσήνη, as some say.