Discussion of Greek place-name and noun forms ending in -ων and -ρων, with examples (Ἀντρῶν, Ἑβρὼν, Ἰστρών, Θήρων, Νέρων, etc.), notes on gender variation, diphthong effects, declension and mythic/place-name references.
λουτρών, ἀνδρών ὡς περιεκτικὰ ὀξύνεται. ὡς δὲ ἐπὶ πόλεων ὀξύνονται Ἀντρών «ἀγχίαλον τ´ Ἀντρῶνα» (Β 697). Ζηνόδοτος δὲ γράφει «ἀγχιάλην Ἀντρῶνα». καὶ εἰ θηλυκῶς δὲ λέγεται ἡ Ἀντρών, κοινόν ἐστι τὸ ὄνομα, ὁ ἀγχίαλος καὶ ἡ ἀγχίαλος. λέγεται δὲ διὰ τὸ τοὺς τόπους ἀντρώδεις εἶναι. Ἑβρών πόλις ἐν Χαναναίᾳ τῆς Ἰουδαίας. Ἰστρών, ὡς Ἀρτεμίδωρός φησιν Ἴστρον, πόλιν Κρήτης. τὸ δὲ Δεξικρῶν καὶ Ἑρμοκρῶν παιδοτρίβης τις ἱστορεῖται ὡς διὰ τοῦ 'ντ' κλινόμενα περισπᾶται. Τὰ εἰς 'ρων' μὴ παραληγόμενα τῇ 'οι' ἢ 'αι' διφθόγγῳ, εἰ μὴ τοπικὰ εἴη ἢ πόλει ὁμωνυμεῖ, βαρύνονται, Θήρων, Νέρων, γέρων, Τρήρων, Χάρων, Χείρων Χείρωνος ἐπὶ τοῦ Κενταύρου καὶ χείρων χείρονος τὸ συγκριτικόν. Μάρων, Νάρων ποταμός, Σάρων τόπος Τροιζῆνος, πτέρων, Πέρων, Φέρων, Ἱέρων, Ἀχέρων, εἴρων, ἀπείρων, Ὑπείρων, Σκίρων, Μύρων, Πύρων. τὸ δὲ οἰρών, οὕτως δὲ ἡ χάραξις τοῦ ἀρότρου, καὶ σφαιρών καὶ Χαιρών ὄνομα κύριον. τοῦτον δὲ μυθολογοῦσιν Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ Θηροῦς, ὡς Ἑλλάνικος δευτέρῳ ἱερειῶν Ἥρας—διὰ τὰς διφθόγγους. καὶ τὸ προθυρών, θυρών, ἀχυρών, Πλευρών ἥρως καὶ πόλις Αἰτωλίας, Βραυρών ἥρως καὶ δῆμος τῆς Ἀττικῆς, Τιταρών, ἥρως καὶ πόλις Θετταλίας, ἣν Τίταρον Λυκόφρων (v. 904) φησί, Κιθαιρών ὡς τοπικὰ ἢ πόλει ὁμώνυμα. Τὰ εἰς 'σων' ἀρσενικὰ καὶ θηλυκά, εἰ μὴ ἐθνικὰ εἴη ἢ ἐπὶ πόλεων
Baths, men’s (λουτρῶν, ἀνδρῶν), as collective nouns, are accented with an acute. But in the case of cities they are accented with an acute: Ἀντρών, “and sea-girt Ἀντρῶνα” (Β 697). Zenodotus, however, writes “sea-girt ἀγχιάλην Ἀντρῶνα.” And even if Ἀντρών is used in the feminine, the name is common in gender: ὁ ἀγχίαλος and ἡ ἀγχίαλος. It is so called because the places are cavernous. Ἑβρών: a city in Canaan of Judaea. Ἰστρών: as Artemidorus says, Ἴστρον, a city of Crete. And Δεξικρῶν and Ἑρμοκρῶν: some trainer is recorded, as being inflected with -ντ-, to have a circumflex. Words in -ρων not having the penult with the diphthong -οι or -αι, unless they are local names or homonymous with a city, are accented with a grave: Θήρων, Νέρων, γέρων, Τρήρων, Χάρων, Χείρων—Χείρωνος in the case of the Centaur, and χείρων χείρονος as the comparative. Μάρων, Νάρων (a river), Σάρων (a place of Troezen), πτέρων, Πέρων, Φέρων, Ἱέρων, Ἀχέρων, εἴρων, ἀπείρων, Ὑπείρων, Σκίρων, Μύρων, Πύρων. And οἰρών—thus also the furrow of the plough—and σφαιρών, and Χαιρών as a proper name. This man they relate in myth as the son of Apollo and Θηρώ, as Hellanicus says in the second book of the Priestesses of Hera—because of the diphthongs. Also προθυρών, θυρών, ἀχυρών; Πλευρών, a hero and a city of Aetolia; Βραυρών, a hero and a deme of Attica; Τιταρών, a hero and a city of Thessaly, which Lycophron (v. 904) calls Τίταρον; Κιθαιρών—as local names or homonymous with a city. Masculine and feminine words in -σων, unless they are ethnics or used of cities…