Discussion of accentuation of monosyllables ending in ι and υ, related apocopations (τροφί from τρόφιμον, ἄλφι from ἄλφιτον, ἔρι from ἔριον), adjectives in -ι homotone with masculine forms, examples of foreign (Egyptian) loanwords and place names (ἄστυ, Αἶπυ).
Τὰ εἰς 'ι' μονογενῆ ὑπὲρ μίαν συλλαβὴν βαρύνεται, μέλι· δίχα δὲ τούτου καὶ τῶν παρ´ αὐτοῦ συντεθέντων ἀπόμελι, ὀξύμελι, εὐκρατόμελι, οἰνόμελι καὶ τοῦ μονοσυλλάβου τί οὐδέν ἐστι ὄνομα οὐδέτερον Ἑλληνικὸν ἀπαθές. τὸ γὰρ κίκι εἶδος ἐλαίου παρ´ Αἰγυπτίοις, κόμι τὸ κομίδιον, πέπερι, κιννάβαρι, ὅπερ Ἀττικοὶ τιγγάβαρυ, σίνηπι, κοῖφι, στάχι σύνηθες Αἰγυπτίοις, ὅπερ σημαίνει εἶδος πυρροῦ, στίμμι, ὅπερ γυναῖκες κατὰ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς χρίονται, ὅπερ ἐν τῇ συνηθείᾳ λαχᾶς καλεῖται, κόρι τὸ κορίανον, τάγυρι, χνάσμι, κάρι, σίσελι οὐχ Ἑλληνικά, ξένα δέ. τὸ δὲ τρόφι ἀπὸ τοῦ τρόφιμον γέγονε κατ´ ἀποκοπὴν ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ κρίμνου τὸ κρῖ, ὡσαύτως καὶ ἄλφι ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄλφιτον καὶ τὸ ἔρι ἀπὸ τοῦ ἔριον. Τὰ δὲ εἰς 'ι' ἐπιθετικὰ ὁμοτονεῖ τοῖς ἀρσενικοῖς, λειπόπατρις λειπόπατρι, φυγόπολις φυγόπολι, φιλόπατρις φιλόπατρι, εὔχαρις εὔχαρι. Τὰ εἰς 'υ' μονογενῆ ὑπὲρ μίαν συλλαβὴν βαρύνεται, δόρυ, γόνυ, μέθυ, δάκρυ, πῶϋ, ἄστυ—ἐκλήθη δὲ ἄστυ, ὡς Φιλόχορος ἐν αʹ τῆς Ἀτθίδος »διὰ τὸ πρότερον νομάδας καὶ σποράδην ζῶντας τότε συνελθεῖν καὶ στῆναι ἐκ τῆς πλάνης εἰς τὰς κοινὰς οἰκήσεις, ὅθεν οὐ μετανεστήκασιν. Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ πρῶτοι τῶν ἄλλων ἄστη καὶ πόλεις ᾤκησαν«. λέγεται ἄστυ καὶ ὁ δῆμος, ὡς Ἐρατοσθένης ἐν Ἠριγόνῃ »ἡ δ´ ὅτε δὴ Θορικοῦ καλὸν ἵκανεν ἕδος....« ὅτι δὲ δῆμος Θορικός δῆλον. ἔστι καὶ κώμη πλησίον Κανώβου παρὰ τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρειαν—νᾶπυ τὸ σίνηπι, κόνδυ, κάχρυ, φῖτυ τὸ φίτυμα, μῶλυ, τρῆνυ, ἄσχυ ἀπόρευμα δένδρου. τὸ δὲ Αἶπυ πόλις Μεσσηνίας »καὶ Θρύον Ἀλφειοῖο πόρον καὶ ἐΰκτιτον Αἶπυ« (Β 592) ἀπὸ τῆς ἐρυμνότητος καλουμένη, ἀμφίβολόν ἐστιν. Ἀρίσταρχος γὰρ ὡς ὀξύ, συγκατατίθεται δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ
Neuter nouns in -ι of a single gender, when they have more than one syllable, are barytone: μέλι; except for this and for compounds formed from it—ἀπόμελι, ὀξύμελι, εὐκρατόμελι, οἰνόμελι—and for the monosyllable τί. There is no other Greek neuter noun, uncompounded, of this sort. For κίκι, a kind of oil among the Egyptians, κόμι, the κομίδιον, πέπερι, κιννάβαρι (which the Attic writers call τιγγάβαρυ), σίνηπι, κοῖφι, στάχι, customary among the Egyptians (which means a kind of reddish dye), στίμμι (which women smear on the eyes, and which in common usage is called λαχᾶς), κόρι, the coriander, τάγυρι, χνάσμι, κάρι, σίσελι, are not Greek but foreign. But τρόφι has come from τρόφιμον by apocope, as κρῖ from κρῖμνον; likewise ἄλφι from ἄλφιτον and ἔρι from ἔριον. Adjectives in -ι have the same accent as the masculine forms: λειπόπατρις, λειπόπατρι; φυγόπολις, φυγόπολι; φιλόπατρις, φιλόπατρι; εὔχαρις, εὔχαρι. Neuter nouns in -υ of a single gender, when they have more than one syllable, are barytone: δόρυ, γόνυ, μέθυ, δάκρυ, πῶϋ, ἄστυ— and it was called ἄστυ, as Philochorus in book 1 of the Atthis says: “because those who formerly lived as nomads and scattered then came together and settled, ceasing from their wandering, into common dwellings, from which they have not moved away. And the Athenians were the first of the others to inhabit towns and cities.” ἄστυ is also said of the deme, as Eratosthenes in the Ἠριγόνη says: “and she, when indeed she reached the fair seat of Thoricus…,” since that Thoricus is a deme is clear. There is also a village near Canobus by Alexandria—νᾶπυ, ‘mustard’; κόνδυ; κάχρυ; φῖτυ, ‘a planting’; μῶλυ; τρῆνυ; ἄσχυ, an exudation of a tree. But Αἶπυ, a city of Messenia—“and Thryon, the ford of Alpheius, and well-built Αἶπυ” (Β 592)—so called from its stronghold, is doubtful. For Aristarchus, as if it were oxytone, and there agrees with him also…