Discussion of accent rules for neuter plurals ending in -βον, -γον, -δον (proparoxytone over two syllables), followed by an alphabetical list of place-name entries across regions (Lycia, Caria, Phrygia, Arabia, Nabataea, Palestine, Lydia, Pisidia, Libya, Iapygia), with citations to Strabo, Ptolemy, Hecataeus.
κέλευθον, βάρβιτος βάρβιτον, Τάρταρος Τάρταρον, ἄρκευθος ἄρκευθον. * Τὰ εἰς 'βον' οὐδέτερα πληθυντικὰ κύρια ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς προπαροξύνεται, Κάνδυβα πόλις Λυκίας ἀπὸ Κανδύβου παιδὸς Λευκαλίωνος. Μαρίαβα μητρόπολις Σαβαίων πρὸς τῇ Ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ. Στράβων ἑκκαιδεκάτῃ. Μέσσαβα πόλις Καρῶν. Ἑκαταῖος Ἀσίᾳ. Μήδαβα πόλις τῶν Ναβαταίων. Τένδηβα πόλις Καρίας ἀρχαία. Ῥαβάθμωβα πόλις τρίτης Παλαιστίνης ἡ νῦν Ἀρεόπολις. Χαράκμωβα πόλις τῆς νῦν τρίτης Παλαιστίνης, ἣν ἀναγράφει Πτολεμαῖος γεωγραφικοῖς ἐν εʹ βιβλίῳ ἐν Ἀραβικαῖς τῆς εὐδαίμονος. Μώαβα μοῖρα τῆς Ἀραβίας. Ἀνάζαρβα πόλις Κιλικίας. κέκληται ἀπὸ τοῦ προκειμένου ὄρους ἢ ἀπὸ Ἀναζάρβα τοῦ κτίσαντος. * Τὰ εἰς 'γον' καὶ 'δον' οὐδέτερα κύρια ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς προπαροξύνεται, Βήσσυγα ἐμπόριον τῆς Ἰνδικῆς. Ἔγγαδα κώμη μεγάλη πλησίον Σοδόμων Ἀραβίας. Μασανώραδα πόλις Καρίας ἀπὸ Μασανωράδου τοῦ Κινδαψοῦ παιδός. Σύνναδα πόλις Φρυγίας. λέγουσι δὲ Ἀκάμαντα μετὰ τὰ Τρωϊκὰ ἀποπλανηθέντα ἐλθεῖν εἰς Φρυγίαν καὶ καταλαβεῖν πολιορκούμενον τὸν τῶν τόπων δυνάστην καὶ βοηθήσαντα αὐτῷ λαβεῖν χώραν καὶ κτίσαι πόλιν· συναθροίσαντα δὲ πολλοὺς οἰκήτορας τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος Μακεδόνων κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν τὸ μὲν πρῶτον αὐτὴν ἀπὸ τῆς συναγωγῆς καὶ συνοικήσεως Σύνναια προσαγορεῦσαι, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα παρεφθαρμένως ὑπὸ τῶν πλησιοχώρων Σύνναδα κληθῆναι. Ψίμαδα χωρίον Ἰσαυρίας. Ἄμβλαδα πόλις Πισιδίας. Στράβων δωδεκάτῃ «εἰσὶ δὲ τοῖς Φρυξὶν ὅμοροι καὶ τῇ Καρίᾳ Τάβαι καὶ Ἴσινδα καὶ Ἄμβλαδα». Γάλαδα χώρα Ἀραβίας. Σέβεδα λιμὴν Λυκίας, ὡς Ἀλέξανδρος ἐν περίπλῳ. Ζάβιδα κώμη τῆς εὐδαίμονος Ἀραβίας. Ὄβοδα χωρίον Ναβαταίων. Ἀττάλυδα πόλις Λυδίας, κτισθεῖσα ὑπὸ Ἄττυος καὶ μετὰ θάνατον αὐτοῦ ὑπὸ Λυδοῦ τοῦ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ. Ἄβυδον πόλις κατὰ τὴν Ἰαπυγίαν ἢ Ἰταλίαν. Φιλέας «ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ἰαπυγίας πολισμάτιον ἐν Πευκετίοις οὕτως κατ´ ὀρθὴν λεγόμενον Ἄβυδον». Αὔσιγδα πόλις Λιβύης, ὡς Καλλίμαχος, Ἑκαταῖος δὲ νῆσον οἶδε. Ἀλάβανδα πόλις Καρίας, ἥ ποτε Ἀντιόχεια. ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ Ἀλαβάνδου, τοῦ εὐΐππου, ὡς Χάραξ. ἔστι καὶ ἑτέρα πόλις Καρίας, ἀφ´ ἧς ἡ παροιμία «Ἀλάβανδα Καρῶν εὐτυχεστάτη πόλις». κτίσμα δὲ Καρὸς ἦν, ἀπὸ τοῦ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ κληθεῖσα τοῦ γεννηθέντος ἀπὸ Καλλιρρόης τῆς Μαιάνδρου,
kélēuthon, bárbitos bárbiton, Tártaros Tártaron, árkeuthos árkeuthon. * Neuter proper nouns in the plural ending in -βον, of more than two syllables, are accented with the circumflex on the antepenult: Κάνδυβα, a city of Lycia, from Κάνδυβος, son of Λευκαλίων. Μαρίαβα, metropolis of the Sabaeans by the Red Sea. Strabo in the sixteenth book. Μέσσαβα, a city of the Carians. Hecataeus in Asia. Μήδαβα, a city of the Nabataeans. Τένδηβα, an ancient city of Caria. Ῥαβάθμωβα, a city of Third Palestine, now Ἀρεόπολις. Χαράκμωβα, a city of what is now Third Palestine, which Ptolemy records in the Geographical [work], in the fifth book, among the Arabian [places] of Arabia Felix. Μώαβα, a district of Arabia. Ἀνάζαρβα, a city of Cilicia; it is called from the mountain lying before it, or from Ἀνάζαρβας its founder. * Neuter proper nouns ending in -γον and -δον, of more than two syllables, are accented with the circumflex on the antepenult: Βήσσυγα, an emporium of India. Ἔγγαδα, a large village near Sodom in Arabia. Μασανώραδα, a city of Caria, from Μασανωράδος, son of Κινδαψός. Σύναδα, a city of Phrygia. They say that Ἀκάμας, after the Trojan War, having wandered astray, came to Phrygia and found the ruler of the region under siege, and, having helped him, obtained land and founded a city; and that, having gathered many settlers of the Macedonians from Greece into Asia, at first he called it Σύναϊα from the gathering and cohabitation, but afterwards it was corruptedly called Σύναδα by the neighboring peoples. Ψίμαδα, a place in Isauria. Ἄμβλαδα, a city of Pisidia. Strabo in the twelfth book: “And bordering on the Phrygians and on Caria are Τάβαι and Ἴσινδα and Ἄμβλαδα.” Γάλαδα, a region of Arabia. Σέβεδα, a harbor of Lycia, as Alexander [says] in the Periplus. Ζάβιδα, a village of Arabia Felix. Ὄβοδα, a place of the Nabataeans. Ἀττάλυδα, a city of Lydia, founded by Ἄττυς and after his death by Λυδός his son. Ἄβυδον, a city in Iapygia or Italy. Phileas: “There is also in Iapygia a little town among the Peucetii, thus correctly called Ἄβυδον.” Αὔσιγδα, a city of Libya, as Callimachus [says], but Hecataeus knows it as an island. Ἀλάβανδα, a city of Caria, once Ἀντιόχεια; and it was named from Ἀλάβανδος, the good horseman, as Charax [says]. There is also another city of Caria, from which comes the proverb, “Ἀλάβανδα of the Carians, the most fortunate city.” It was a foundation of Κάρος, named from his son, who was born from Καλλιρρόη, daughter of the Maeander,