Catalog of place-names (Chrysippa, Argyrippa, Borsippa, Psira, Myra, Dora, Doura, Koron) and discussion of accentuation patterns for disyllabic words ending in -ρον/-ρα and name variants.
ὄρος τὸ Αἶπος. Χρύσιππα πόλις Κιλικίας ἀπὸ Χρυσίππου τοῦ κτίσαντος. Ἀργύριππα πόλις τῆς Δαυνίας κατὰ τὸν Ἰόνιον κόλπον. Λυκόφρων «ὁ δ´ Ἀργύριππα Δαυνίων παγκληρίαν» ( 592). αὕτη Ἄρποι ἐκαλεῖτο. Διομήδης μετὰ τὴν ἅλωσιν τῆς Ἰλίου ἐτείχισε· καὶ μετωνόμασε Ἄργος Ἵππιον. Βόρσιππα πόλις Χαλδαίων, ἱερὰ Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος, λινουργεῖον μέγα. λέγεται καὶ θηλυκῶς. Ἰάθριππα πόλις Ἀραβίας πλησίον τῆς Ἔγρας. Τὰ εἰς 'ρον' δισύλλαβα προσηγορικὰ παραληγόμενα τῷ 'υ' καὶ μὴ ἀρχόμενα ἀπὸ ἀμεταβόλου ὀξύνεται, σφυρόν, πυρόν, ξυρόν. τὸ μέντοι μύρον βαρύνεται ἀπὸ ἀμεταβόλου ἀρχόμενον. τὸ δὲ Ψύρον. Στράβων ἐν τῷ ιδʹ «τὰ Ψύρα ἀπὸ πεντήκοντα σταδίων τῆς ἄκρας». λαμβάνεται δὲ ὄνομα ἐπὶ εὐτελείᾳ διὰ τὸ εὐτελεστάτην εἶναι τὴν νῆσον. Κρατῖνος «Ψύρα τὸν Διόνυσον ἄγοντες» καὶ ἐν Νεμέσει «Ψύρα τε τὴν Σπάρτην ἄγεις» καὶ Στύρον πλησίον Καρύστου, τῆς Εὐβοίας πόλις καὶ Μύρον πόλις Λυκίας, ἣ καὶ θηλυκῶς Μύρα λέγεται, κύρια ὄντα ὑγιῶς βαρύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'ρον' λήγοντα καθαρὸν δισύλλαβα ἔχοντα πρὸ τέλους φύσει μακρὰν βαρύνεσθαι θέλει, εἰ μὴ κατὰ μεταπλασμὸν μεταβολὴν ποιήσεται γένους, δῶρον· ἔστι καὶ Δῶρα πόλις Φοινίκης, πρότερον Δῶρος καλουμένη. Ἑκαταῖος Ἀσίᾳ «μετὰ δὲ ἡ πάλαι Δῶρος, νῦν δὲ Δῶρα καλεῖται». καὶ οὕτως Ἰώσηπος αὐτὴν καλεῖ ἐν εʹ τῆς Ἰουδαϊκῆς ἱστορίας (c. 1, 22) «ἀπὸ μὲν Ἰορδάνου μέχρι Δώρων πόλεως» καὶ πάλιν (c. 22) «Ἀζώτῳ καὶ Δώροις ὁριζόμενοι». καὶ Ἀρτεμίδωρος Δῶρα τὴν πόλιν οἶδεν ἐν ἐπιτομῇ τῶν ιαʹ «συνεχῶς δ´ ἐστὶ Στράτωνος πύργος, εἶτα ἔνι Δῶρα ἐπὶ χερσονησοειδοῦς τόπου κείμενον πολισμάτιον, ἀρχομένου τοῦ ὄρους τοῦ Καρμήλου» καὶ ἐν θʹ γεωγραφουμένων τὸ αὐτό. ἔστι καὶ Δῶρα νῆσος ἐν τῷ Περσικῷ κόλπῳ, καθὰ Στράβων ιϛʹ «τὸν δὲ Μαζήνην ἐπάρχειν νήσου τινὸς τῶν ἐν τῷ Περσικῷ κόλπῳ, καλεῖσθαι δὲ τὴν νῆσον Δῶρα». Κῶρον πόλις τῆς Καππαδοκίας. μῶρον ὁ καρπὸς τῆς βάτου. Δοῦρα πόλις Μεσοποταμίας, ὡς Πολύβιος πέμπτῃ.
Mount Aipos. Chrysippa, a city of Cilicia, from Chrysippus its founder. Argy rippa, a city of Daunia on the Ionian gulf. Lycophron: “and Argy rippa, the allottment of the Daunians” (592). This was called Arpoi. Diomedes, after the capture of Ilium, fortified it and renamed it Argos Hippion. Borsippa, a city of the Chaldaeans, sacred to Apollo and Artemis, a great linen-work. It is also spoken of in the feminine. Iathrippa, a city of Arabia near Egra.
The appellatives in -ρον, disyllabic, with penult in υ and not beginning with an indeclinable, are accented with an acute: σφυρόν, πυρόν, ξυρόν. But μύρον is accented with a grave, since it begins with an indeclinable; and likewise Ψύρον. Strabo in book 14: “the Ψύρα at a distance of fifty stades from the headland.” The name is taken in the sense of cheapness, because the island is very cheap. Cratinus: “bringing Dionysus to Ψύρα,” and in Nemesis: “and you bring Sparta to Ψύρα”; and Styron near Carystus, a city of Euboea, and Myron, a city of Lycia, which is also called in the feminine Μύρα—these, being proper names, are correctly accented with a grave.
The pure disyllables ending in -ρον, having before the last syllable a vowel long by nature, tend to be accented with a grave, unless by metaplasm they make a change of gender: δῶρον; there is also Δῶρα, a city of Phoenicia, formerly called Δῶρος. Hecataeus in Asia: “and after it the place formerly called Δῶρος, but now called Δῶρα.” And thus Josephus calls it in book 5 of the Jewish History (c. 1, 22): “from the Jordan as far as the city of Δῶρα,” and again (c. 22): “bounded by Azotus and Δῶροις.” And Artemidorus knows the city as Δῶρα in the epitome of book 11: “next in succession is Straton’s Tower, then there is Δῶρα, a small town lying on a peninsula-like site, where Mount Carmel begins,” and in book 9 of the Geography the same. There is also Δῶρα, an island in the Persian Gulf, as Strabo 16 says: “and that Mazenes is governor of one of the islands in the Persian Gulf, and that the island is called Δῶρα.” Kōron, a city of Cappadocia. Mōron, the fruit of the bramble. Doura, a city of Mesopotamia, as Polybius in the fifth book.