Entry on Skiron/Skira (place and festival); related terms (σκῖρος, σκίριον, νεῦρον, μῆρον); discussion of accent/tone/inflection for nouns ending in -ος/-ον/-ρον (examples: μέγαρον, μέγαρα); followed by many place-names (Megara, Gargara, others).
σπεῖρον τὸ ἱμάτιον, σκῖρον. ἔστι καὶ Σκίρον τόπος Ἀττικὸς ἀπὸ Σκίρου ἥρωος. Σκίρα δὲ ἡ ἑορτὴ καλεῖται κατά τινας μὲν ὅτι ἐπὶ Σκίρῳ Ἀθηνᾷ θύεται, κατ´ ἄλλους δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν γινομένων ἱερῶν Δήμητρι καὶ Κόρῃ ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ ταύτῃ ἐπὶ Σκίρῳ. λέγεται καὶ ὁ Σκῖρος καὶ τὸ Σκίριον, νεῦρον, φῆρον βρῶμα θεῶν, μῆρον «μῆρα δὲ κείαντες (Od. ν 26). γέγονε δὲ ἐκ συγκοπῆς τοῦ μηρίον. ἐπεί τοι εὐθύνεται ὁ τόνος. τὰ γὰρ εἰς 'ος' λήγοντα, μεταπλασσόμενα εἰς οὐδέτερον γένος τὸ εἰς 'ον' λῆγον, τὸν αὐτὸν τόνον φυλάσσει· ὁ ζυγός τὸ ζυγόν—τὰ ζυγά, δίφρος δίφρον, δίφρα. ὅθεν εἰ καὶ μηρός, καὶ μηρόν καὶ μηρά. εἰ δὲ δοίημεν, ὅτι κυρίως τὰ ἁγιαζόμενα θεοῖς μῆρα καλεῖται, τὸ περὶ τοῦ σημαινομένου καὶ τοῦ περὶ τὸν τόνον ἁμαρτήματος τὴν λέξιν ἀπολύει. τὸ δὲ πλευρόν ἀπὸ τοῦ πλευρά μεταπλασσόμενον τὸν αὐτὸν τόνον φυλάσσει ὡς καὶ πυρά ἀπὸ τοῦ πυραί. τὸ δὲ νεῦρα διάφορον τοῦ νευραί ἔχει σημαινόμενον. Τὰ εἰς 'ρον' ὑπερδισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'α' ἢ τῷ 'ε' βαρύνεται, μέγαρον· ἔστι καὶ Μέγαρα πόλις περὶ τὸν Ἰσθμόν, μέση Πελοποννήσου καὶ Ἀττικῆς καὶ Βοιωτίας, ἧς ἐπίνειον ἡ Νίσαια. ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ Μεγαρέως τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος ἢ τοῦ Αἰγέως τοῦ Πανδίονος τοῦ Ἐρεχθέως τοῦ Ἡφαίστου ἢ διὰ τὸ τραχὺ τῆς χώρας. ἔστι καὶ Μέγαρα ἐν Θετταλίᾳ. τρίτη ἐν Πόντῳ. τετάρτη ἐν Ἰλλυρίδι, πέμπτη ἐν Μολοσσίδι, ἕκτη ἐν Σικελίᾳ ἡ πρότερον Ὕβλη ἀπὸ Ὕβλωνος βασιλέως. βλέφαρον, γάργαρον· ἔστι καὶ Γάργαρα πόλις τῆς Τρῳάδος ἐπὶ τῇ ἄκρᾳ τῆς Ἴδης, Παλαιγάργαρος καλουμένη, ἣν Αἰολικὴν ὀνομάζει Στράβων καὶ Ἑκαταῖος. Ἀλκμὰν δὲ θηλυκῶς τὴν Γάργαρόν φησιν. ἐν ᾗ κατῴκουν οἱ Λέλεγες. ὠνομάσθη δ´ ἀπὸ Γαργάρου τοῦ Διὸς καὶ Λαρίσσης τῆς ἐν Θεσσαλίᾳ. καὶ Γάργαρα ἄκρα. Ἐπαφρόδιτος δέ φησιν, ὅτι ἡ μὲν πόλις θηλυκῶς λέγεται, τὸ δὲ ἀκρωτήριον οὐδετέρως. Ἑλλάνικος δὲ Γάργασον ἔφη τὴν πόλιν διὰ τοῦ 'σ', ἀλλ´ οἴομαι σφάλμα εἶναι. ἔστι καὶ Λαμψάκου πολισμάτιον Γάργαρον. ἔστι καὶ ἑτέρα τῆς Ἰταλίας καὶ τῆς Ἠπείρου ἄλλη. Ταίναρον, οἴναρον. Αὔαρα πόλις Ἀραβίας. Γάδαρα πόλις κοίλης Συρίας, ἥτις καὶ Ἀντιόχεια καὶ Σελεύκεια ἐκλήθη. ἔστι καὶ Γάδαρα κώμη Μακεδονίας. Γίνδαρα κώμη πρὸς τῇ Ἀντιοχείᾳ. Δαύσαρα πόλις περὶ τὴν Ἔδεσσαν. Κύδραρα πόλις πρὸς τοὺς ὅρους τῶν Φρυγῶν καὶ Λυδῶν. Ἡρόδοτος ἑβδόμῃ (c. 30). Λάβαρα πόλις Καρίας. Ἀλέξανδρος δευτέρῳ περὶ Καρίας. Ζόαρα πόλις Περσική. ἔστι καὶ κώμη μεγάλη ἢ φρούριον ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ ἐπὶ τῇ Ἀσφαλτίτιδι θαλάσσῃ. Ὕκαρον φρούριον Σικελίας, ὡς Φίλιστος Σικελικῶν πρώτῳ. Ἀπολλόδωρος δ´ ἐν δευτέρῳ χρονικῶν πόλιν λέγει αὐτὴν τὰ Ὕκαρα. μέμνηται
σπεῖρον, the cloak; σκῖρον. There is also Σκίρον, an Attic place, from Σκῖρος the hero. And the festival is called Σκίρα, according to some because sacrifice is offered to Athena at Σκῖρον, but according to others from the sacred rites performed for Demeter and Kore at this festival at Σκῖρον. One also says ὁ Σκῖρος and τὸ Σκίριον; νεῦρον; φῆρον, food of the gods; μῆρον: “and having cut up the μῆρα” (Od. ν 26). It has arisen by syncope from μηρίον, since the accent is straightened; for words ending in -ος, when reshaped into the neuter gender ending in -ον, keep the same accent: ὁ ζυγός, τὸ ζυγόν—τὰ ζυγά; δίφρος, δίφρον, δίφρα. Hence if μηρός, then also μηρόν and μηρά. But if we should grant that properly the portions consecrated to the gods are called μῆρα, the word is freed from the error concerning the meaning and the error concerning the accent. And πλευρόν, reshaped from πλευρά, keeps the same accent, just as πυρά from πυραί. But νεῦρα has a different meaning from νευραί. The words ending in -ρον, of more than two syllables, with penult in α or ε, are barytone: μέγαρον. There is also Μέγαρα, a city by the Isthmus, between the Peloponnese and Attica and Boeotia, whose harbor is Nisaea. It was named from Megareus, son of Apollo, or of Aegeus, son of Pandion, son of Erechtheus, son of Hephaestus, or because of the roughness of the land. There is also Μέγαρα in Thessaly; a third in Pontus; a fourth in Illyria; a fifth in Molossia; a sixth in Sicily, formerly Hybla, from King Hyblon. βλέφαρον; γάργαρον. There is also Γάργαρα, a city of the Troad on the peak of Ida, called Palaigargara, which Strabo and Hecataeus call Aeolic. Alcman, however, says Γάργαρος in the feminine. In it the Leleges lived. It was named from Gargarus, son of Zeus, and from Larissa in Thessaly. And there is also the promontory Γάργαρα. Epaphroditus says that the city is spoken of in the feminine, but the headland in the neuter. Hellanicus called the city Γάργασον with sigma, but I think it is an error. There is also a small town of Lampsacus, Γάργαρον; and another in Italy, and another of Epirus. Ταίναρον; οἴναρον. Αὔαρα, a city of Arabia. Γάδαρα, a city of Coele Syria, which was also called Antioch and Seleuceia. There is also Γάδαρα, a village of Macedonia. Γίνδαρα, a village near Antioch. Δαύσαρα, a city near Edessa. Κύδραρα, a city near the borders of the Phrygians and Lydians. Herodotus in the seventh (c. 30). Λάβαρα, a city of Caria. Alexander in the second book On Caria. Ζόαρα, a Persian city; there is also a large village or fort in Palestine on the Asphaltite Sea. Ὕκαρον, a fort of Sicily, as Philistus in the first book of the Sicilian History. But Apollodorus in the second book of the Chronicles says it is a city, τὰ Ὕκαρα. He mentions…