καὶ οὐδέτερον, ὁπότε σημαντικὸν τοῦ ἱματίου ἢ καὶ τοῦ ἀρότρου, ὡς καὶ παρ´ Ἀλκμᾶνι· ἀλλὰ καὶ παρὰ Ἀντιμάχῳ «ἀεὶ φάρεος χατέουσιν ἑκόντες». οὕτως ἐν τοῖς ἀντιγράφοις εὕρηται. —κάλλος· καὶ τοῦτό ἐστι μονῆρες. τὰ γὰρ εἰς 'ος' λήγοντα δισύλλαβα βαρύτονα ἔχοντα δισσὸν τὸ 'λ' οὐ θέλει εἶναι οὐδέτερα. Ὕλλος. Κύλλος τὸ κύριον. Σκύλλος, Ψύλλος, Τέλλος, Φέλλος τὸ κύριον, Βίλλος, σίλλος, Γρύλλος, Κόλλος, Γάλλος, ἴλλος, Γίλλος. ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλα πολλὰ τούτοις ἐμφερῆ, ἅπερ παραιτεῖται τὸ οὐδέτερον γένος. δῆλον οὖν ὡς τὸ κάλλος πεπλάνηται ἢ περὶ ποσότητα τοῦ 'λ' ἢ περὶ τὸ γένος. ὅσα γὰρ οὐδέτερά ἐστιν εἰς 'ος' λήγοντα, ταῦτα παραιτεῖται ἔχειν ἕτερον 'λ', ὡς τὸ ἕλος—ἔστι καὶ πόλις Λακωνικὴ καὶ Μεσσηνίς «καὶ Πτελεὸν καὶ Ἕλος καὶ Δώριον» (Β 594) παρὰ τὸ ἐν ἕλει εἶναι· ἔστι καὶ Ἕλος Αἰγύπτου. ἔστι δὲ καὶ τόπος μεταξὺ τοῦ Πειραιέως καὶ τοῦ τετρακώμου Ἡρακλείου, ἐν ᾧ τοὺς γυμνικοὺς ἀγῶνας ἐτίθεσαν τοῖς παναθηναίοις— θάλος «φίλου θάλος» (Χ 87). —σκέλος, βέλος, τέλος, μέλος δισύλλαβα· τὰ δὲ διὰ τοῦ 'ελος' ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς ὄντα οὐδέτερα οὐκ εἰσὶν οἷον ζάφελος, σκόπελος, πέμπελος πλὴν τοῦ ὄφελος, ὅπερ εἰκότως ὡς μὴ ἔχον τι μιμήσασθαι, ἄκλιτον ἔμεινεν. ὕψος μόνον ὄνομα ἀρχόμενον ἀπὸ τοῦ 'υ' ἔχον ἐπιφερόμενον διπλοῦν. αἴτιον δὲ τὸ πάθος. γέγονε γὰρ παρὰ τὸ ὄπτω τὸ βλέπω ὄψω ὄψος καὶ τροπῇ Αἰολικῇ ὕψος. Αἰολεῖς δ´ ἴψος λέγουσιν αὐτὸ οἰκειότερον· ἔστι γὰρ εὑρέσθαι τὸ 'ι' πρὸ τοῦ διπλοῦ, ἵζω, ἰξός, «μέγα δ´ ἴψαο λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν» (Α 454). ὡσαύτως ἀπὸ μελλόντων τὸ ἅψος «λύθεν δέ οἱ ἅψεα πάντα» (δ 794) καὶ «πίσεα ποιήεντα» (Υ 9). στεῖνος τὸ οὐδέτερον—«στεῖνος ὁδοῦ κοίλης» (Ψ 419)· ἐπίσταται δὲ ὁ ποιητὴς καὶ τὴν δοτικὴν «στείνει ἐν αἰνοτάτῳ» (Il. Θ 476)—τὸ δὲ ἀρσενικὸν ὀξύνεται, ὡσαύτως καὶ μάκρος παρ´ Ἀριστοφάνει «ὦ Πόσειδον τοῦ μάκρους» (Av. 1131). καὶ μακρός—καὶ κλεῖτος παρ´ Ἀλκμᾶνι «τῷ ἐν Θεσσαλίῳ κλείτει» καὶ κλειτός. —οὖδος, ὅπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ οὖδας γίνεται ὡς γῆρος παρὰ τὸ γῆρας καὶ κῶος παρὰ τὸ κῶας καὶ ὦος παρὰ τὸ ὦας. —κνύος ἡ φθορά παρὰ τὸ κνύω παρ´ Ἡσιόδῳ ὡς παρὰ τὸ θύω θύος καὶ φλύω φλύος παρὰ Ἀρχιλόχῳ ἐπὶ φλυαρίας. Αἶπος ὄρος Λυδίας. Ἄργος διασημοτάτη πόλις Πελοποννήσου. δευτέρα Ἄργος τὸ Ἀμφιλοχικόν. τρίτη Θεσσαλίας ἡ νῦν Λάρισσα. τετάρτη Κιλικίας ἡ νῦν Ἀργειόπολις πέμπτη ἐν Νισύρῳ μιᾷ τῶν Κυκλάδων. ἕκτη κατὰ Τροιζῆνα. ἑβδόμη κατὰ Μακεδονίαν. ὀγδόη Ἄργος Ὀρέστιον ἡ ἐν Σκυθίᾳ. ἐνάτη Καρίας.
and neither (gender), whenever it is significative of the cloak or even of the plough, as also in Alcman; but also in Antimachus: «ἀεὶ φάρεος χατέουσιν ἑκόντες». Thus it is found in the copies.
—κάλλος: this too is exceptional. For disyllables ending in -ος, barytone, with double λ, do not wish to be neuters: Ὕλλος; Κύλλος (the proper name); Σκύλλος, Ψύλλος, Τέλλος, Φέλλος (the proper name), Βίλλος, σίλλος, Γρύλλος, Κόλλος, Γάλλος, ἴλλος, Γίλλος. And there are also many others similar to these, which decline the neuter gender. It is clear, then, that κάλλος has gone astray either as to the quantity of the λ or as to the gender. For whatever neuters end in -ος, these decline to have a second λ, as ἕλος—there is also a Laconian and Messenian city: «καὶ Πτελεὸν καὶ Ἕλος καὶ Δώριον» (Β 594), from being in a marsh; and there is also an Ἕλος of Egypt. And there is also a place between the Peiraeus and the four-village Heracleium, in which they held the athletic contests at the Panathenaea.
—θάλος: «φίλου θάλος» (Χ 87).
—σκέλος, βέλος, τέλος, μέλος are disyllables; but those through -ελος, being more than two syllables, are not neuters, e.g. ζάφελος, σκόπελος, πέμπελος, except ὄφελος, which, reasonably, as having nothing to imitate, remained indeclinable.
ὕψος is the only noun beginning with υ that has a double consonant following. The cause is the phonetic change. For from ὄπτω, ‘I see’, comes ὄψω, ὄψος, and by Aeolic change ὕψος. The Aeolians say ἴψος, more in accordance with it; for one can find ι before a double consonant: ἵζω, ἰξός, «μέγα δ´ ἴψαο λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν» (Α 454). Likewise from futures comes ἅψος: «λύθεν δέ οἱ ἅψεα πάντα» (δ 794) and «πίσεα ποιήεντα» (Υ 9).
στεῖνος is the neuter—«στεῖνος ὁδοῦ κοίλης» (Ψ 419); and the poet also knows the dative: «στείνει ἐν αἰνοτάτῳ» (Il. Θ 476). But the masculine is accented oxytone; likewise μάκρος in Aristophanes: «ὦ Πόσειδον τοῦ μάκρους» (Av. 1131), and μακρός; and κλεῖτος in Alcman: «τῷ ἐν Θεσσαλίῳ κλείτει», and κλειτός.
—οὖδος, which comes from οὖδας, as γῆρος from γῆρας, and κῶος from κῶας, and ὦος from ὦας.
—κνύος, ‘decay’, from κνύω in Hesiod, as from θύω comes θύος, and from φλύω comes φλύος in Archilochus, in the sense of babbling.
Αἶπος, a mountain of Lydia. Ἄργος, the most famous city of the Peloponnese. A second Ἄργος is the Amphilochian. A third is that of Thessaly, now Larissa. A fourth is that of Cilicia, now Argeiopolis. A fifth is in Nisyros, one of the Cyclades. A sixth is near Troezen. A seventh is in Macedonia. An eighth is Ἄργος Ὀρέστιον, the one in Scythia. A ninth is in Caria.