Discussion of verbal morphology: verbs showing 'i' extension (epéktasis), vowel alternations, reduplication, loss of consonants (e.g., z), and examples from Homer and other forms.
καὶ χαιριῶ, ἐρευθιῶ, φλεγιῶ, κνηθιῶ, κνιφιῶ κατ´ ἐπέκτασιν τοῦ 'ι' γενόμενα παρὰ τὸ χαίρω, ἐρεύθω, φλέγω, κνήθω, κνίφω. τὸ δὲ ἐσθίω καὶ αὐτὸ ἐπέκτασιν τοῦ 'ι' λαβὸν καὶ ἀΐω καὶ ἀτίω σύνθετον βαρύνονται. τὸ δὲ δειδίω οὐ ῥητόν. τὸ γὰρ «δείδιε» (Σ 34, Ω 358) οὐχ, ὥς τινες οἴονται, ἀπαιτεῖ θέμα τὸ δειδίω· εἰ δὲ καὶ ἀπαιτήσῃ, ἐκ παρακειμένου ἂν εἴη γενόμενον. τὸ δὲ κηκίω τὸ ἀναδίδωμι ἐκ διπλασιασμοῦ «πολλὴ δ´ ἀνεκήκιεν ἅλμη». τὸ δὲ μαστίω κατ´ ἔλλειψιν τοῦ 'ζ' ἀπὸ τοῦ μαστίζω. σπάνια δέ εἰσι τὰ δισύλλαβα κατὰ συστολὴν τοῦ 'ι', ὡς καὶ τὸ δίω «τρὶς περὶ ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο δίον» (Il. Χ 251) καὶ τὸ «κνώδαλον ὅτι δίοιτο» (Od. ρ 317) καὶ διῶ τὸ διώκω, ἔνθεν τὸ δίημι ἐγένετο, παρ´ ὃ τὸ «ἵπποι ἀερσίποδες πολέος πεδίοιο δίενται» καὶ «αὕτως ἐνδίεσαν» (Il. Σ 584), ἴω καὶ ἰῶ τὸ πορεύομαι καὶ τίω τὸ τιμῶ, τιῶ δὲ τὸ τιμωρῶ. τὸ δὲ βιῶ βιοῖς βιοῖ τὸ ζῶ, βιῶ δὲ βιᾷς βιᾷ τὸ βιάζω. Τὰ εἰς 'ω' καθαρὸν ἔχοντα 'ι' ἐκτεταμένον βαρύνεται, εἰ μὴ ὄνομα ἔχοι, ψίω τὸ ἐμβρωματίζω, λίω τὸ θέλω, πίω, ἀφ´ οὗ ὁ μέλλων πίσω, ἀφ´ οὗ πιπίσκω, ἵω ὃ καὶ περισπᾶται, ἐξ οὗ καὶ ἵημι, μνίω τὸ ἐσθίω, δηρίω καὶ δηριῶ περισπώμενον «δὴ τότε δηριόωντο Ποσειδάων καὶ Ἀπόλλων», μητίω καὶ μητιῶ, κονίω, μηνίω τὸ ὀργίζομαι ὃ διφορεῖται
And χαιριῶ, ἐρευθιῶ, φλεγιῶ, κνηθιῶ, κνιφιῶ, formed by lengthening of the ι from χαίρω, ἐρεύθω, φλέγω, κνήθω, κνίφω. And ἐσθίω too, having taken a lengthening of the ι, and ἀΐω and the compound ἀτίω are accented with a grave. But δειδίω is not attested. For «δείδιε» (Σ 34, Ω 358) does not, as some think, require a stem δειδίω; but even if it should require it, it would have been formed from a perfect. And κηκίω, meaning ‘I give forth’, is from reduplication: «πολλὴ δ᾽ ἀνεκήκιεν ἅλμη». And μαστίω is by loss of the ζ from μαστίζω. But the disyllables with contraction of the ι are rare, as also δίω: «τρὶς περὶ ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο δίον» (Il. Χ 251), and «κνώδαλον ὅτι δίοιτο» (Od. ρ 317); and διῶ, meaning διώκω, whence δίημι came to be, from which: «ἵπποι ἀερσίποδες πολέος πεδίοιο δίενται» and «αὕτως ἐνδίεσαν» (Il. Σ 584); ἴω and ἰῶ meaning ‘I go’, and τίω meaning τιμῶ, while τιῶ means τιμωρῶ. And βιῶ, βιοῖς, βιοῖ means ‘I live’, whereas βιῶ, βιᾷς, βιᾷ means ‘I use force’. Those in -ω with a pure, lengthened ι are accented with a grave, unless they are a noun: ψίω meaning ἐμβρωματίζω, λίω meaning θέλω, πίω, from which the future πίσω, from which πιπίσκω; ἵω, which also takes a circumflex, from which also ἵημι; μνίω meaning ἐσθίω; δηρίω and δηριῶ with circumflex: «δὴ τότε δηριόωντο Ποσειδάων καὶ Ἀπόλλων»; μητίω and μητιῶ; κονίω; μηνίω meaning ‘I am angry’, which has a double accentuation.