Discusses ἐὰν with subjunctive/optative forms, accent shifts and contraction in aorist/passive and -μι paradigms; examples of principal parts and accentuation rules.
ποιῶ ἐποίουν ἐὰν ποιῶ, ἐὰν βοῶ, ἐὰν χρυσῶ. ἡνίκα δὲ μὴ ὦσι τοιαῦτα, βαρύνονται, ἔτυπτον ἐὰν τύπτω, ἔλεγον ἐὰν λέγω, ἔφαγον ἐὰν φάγω, ἔλαβον ἐὰν λάβω, ἔμαθον ἐὰν μάθω, ἔπαθον ἐὰν πάθω, εἶπον ἐὰν εἴπω, εἶδον ἐὰν ἴδω, τέτυφα ἐὰν τετύφω, τέτυπα ἐὰν τετύπω, πέποιθα ἐὰν πεποίθω. σεσημείωται τὸ ἐὰν εἰδῶ περισπώμενον οἷον «ὄφρ´ εὖ εἰδῶ» (Α 515), οὗ ἡ μετοχὴ ὁ εἰδώς τοῦ εἰδότος, εἰ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ εἰδέω. τὸ δὲ «ἵνα εἴδομεν ἄμφω» (Α 363) προπαροξύνεται, ἐπειδὴ ἡ συστολὴ ἀνέδωκε τὸν τόνον. οὐ γὰρ παροξύνομεν κατὰ τὸν Πάμφιλον. Τὰ εἰς 'ω' ὑποτακτικὰ τῶν ἀορίστων παθητικῶν περισπῶνται, ἐὰν ληφθῶ, ἐὰν τυφθῶ, διὸ καὶ τὸ «ἐὰν ἐγκαταλειφθῶ ὑπὸ σοῦ» περισπᾶται. τότε γὰρ τὰ τοιαῦτα ὑπὲρ μίαν συλλαβὴν περισπῶνται, ὅτε ἔχουσιν ἀπαρέμφατον εἰς 'ναι', ὡς τὸ ἐὰν νυγῶ νυγῆναι, ἐὰν δαρῶ δαρῆναι, καὶ μετοχὴν εἰς 'εις' ὁ νυγείς ὁ δαρείς, καὶ τὸ εὐκτικὸν εἰς 'ην' καθαρὸν νυγείην, δαρείην. ὁμοίως ἐὰν εἰδῶ εἰδείην, εἰ καὶ μὴ ἔχει τὴν μετοχὴν εἰς 'εις'. γέγονε δὲ ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ περιπατοῖμι περιπατοίην κατὰ τροπὴν τῆς 'μι' εἰς 'ην', τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ εἴδοιμι εἰδοίην καὶ εἰδείην κατὰ τροπὴν τοῦ 'ο' εἰς 'ε'. ἐὰν δὲ μὴ οὕτως ἔχῃ, βαρύνεται, ἐὰν δράμω· δραμεῖν γὰρ καὶ δράμοιμι, ἐὰν φύγω φυγεῖν καὶ φύγοιμι. Τὰ δεύτερα καὶ τρίτα ἑνικὰ τῶν ὁριστικῶν ὁμοτονεῖ τοῖς πρώτοις, ἐὰν ἰσοσυλλαβῇ, λείπω λείπεις λείπει, ποιῶ ποιεῖς ποιεῖ. τὸ δὲ πνεῖ καὶ ῥεῖ καὶ πλεῖ οὐκ ἰσοσυλλαβεῖ. οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ μέλλοντος, νοήσω νοήσεις νοήσει καὶ ἐπὶ ὑποτακτικῶν, ἐὰν λέγω ἐὰν λέγῃς ἐὰν λέγῃ, ἐὰν βοῶ βοᾷς βοᾷ. Τὰ εἰς 'μι' λήγοντα ὁριστικὰ ἀποστρέφονται τὴν ὀξεῖαν τάσιν, καὶ τὰ τρίτα ὁμοτονοῦσι τοῖς ἰδίοις πρώτοις, τίθημι τίθης τίθησι, δίδωμι δίδως δίδωσι· σεσημείωται φημί φῄς φησί, εἰμί εἴς εἶ ἐστί.
I make, I was making, if I make, if I shout, if I gild. But whenever they are not of this sort, they are barytone: I was striking, if I strike; I was saying, if I say; I ate, if I eat; I took, if I take; I learned, if I learn; I suffered, if I suffer; I said, if I say; I saw, if I see; I have struck, if I have struck; I have struck, if I strike; I trust, if I trust. It has been noted that ἐὰν εἰδῶ is circumflexed, as in “ὄφρ´ εὖ εἰδῶ” (Α 515), where the participle is ὁ εἰδώς, genitive τοῦ εἰδότος, even if it is from εἰδέω. But “ἵνα εἴδομεν ἄμφω” (Α 363) is accented on the antepenult, because contraction has yielded the accent; for we do not accent it on the penult, according to Pamphilus. The subjunctives in -ω of the aorist passives are circumflexed: ἐὰν ληφθῶ, ἐὰν τυφθῶ; therefore also “ἐὰν ἐγκαταλειφθῶ ὑπὸ σοῦ” is circumflexed. For then such forms are circumflexed beyond one syllable, when they have an infinitive in -ναι, as ἐὰν νυγῶ—νυγῆναι, ἐὰν δαρῶ—δαρῆναι, and a participle in -εις, ὁ νυγείς, ὁ δαρείς, and the optative in pure -ην, νυγείην, δαρείην. Likewise ἐὰν εἰδῶ—εἰδείην, even though it does not have the participle in -εις. And it has come about that, just as from περιπατοῖμι comes περιπατοίην by change of -μι to -ην, in the same way from εἴδοιμι come εἰδοίην and εἰδείην by change of ο to ε. But if it is not so, it is barytone: ἐὰν δράμω; for δραμεῖν and δράμοιμι; ἐὰν φύγω—φυγεῖν and φύγοιμι. The second and third singular of the indicatives have the same accent as the first, if they are of equal syllable-length: λείπω, λείπεις, λείπει; ποιῶ, ποιεῖς, ποιεῖ. But πνεῖ and ῥεῖ and πλεῖ are not of equal syllable-length. So too in the future: νοήσω, νοήσεις, νοήσει; and in subjunctives: ἐὰν λέγω, ἐὰν λέγῃς, ἐὰν λέγῃ; ἐὰν βοῶ, βοᾷς, βοᾷ. The indicatives ending in -μι avoid the acute accent, and the third persons have the same accent as their own first persons: τίθημι, τίθης, τίθησι; δίδωμι, δίδως, δίδωσι; it has been noted: φημί, φῄς, φησί; εἰμί, εἴς, εἶ, ἐστί.