Discussion of dual and third‑person pronoun forms and their accentuation and clitic behavior in Homeric and Attic Greek: forms like σέο, σεῖο, νώϊ, σφῶϊ; enclitic, proclitic, perispomenon, and the effects of apocope and contraction on accent placement, with examples from Odyssey and other texts.
περισπᾶται »ἐμεῦ δ´ ἕλετο μέγαν ὅρκον« (Od. δ 746). ὁμοίως τοῦ δευτέρου καὶ τοῦ τρίτου, σέο σεῖο σεῦ σέθεν, ἕο εἷο εὗ ἕθεν. Αἱ δυϊκαὶ πρώτου καὶ δευτέρου προσώπου κοιναὶ καὶ ἀπαθεῖς βαρύνονται, νῶϊ, σφῶϊ. καὶ αἰτιατικῇ ταύτας κατὰ ἀποβολὴν τοῦ 'ι' μονοσυλλάβως Ἀθηναῖοι προφέρουσι, νώ σφώ, οὐκέτι περισπωμένως, καίτοι τῷ λόγῳ τῆς ἀποκοπῆς ὀφειλούσας περισπᾶσθαι ὡς τὸ Ποσειδῶ κυκεῶ. ἀλλ´ οὐδὲν δυϊκῶν εὐθείας πτώσεως καὶ αἰτιατικῆς εἰς 'ω' περισπᾶται, ὅθεν ὠξύνθησαν μετὰ τὴν ἀποκοπήν. αἱ δὲ τούτων γενικαὶ νῶϊν σφῶϊν προπερισπῶνται. ταύτας δὲ κατὰ συναίρεσιν Ἀττικοὶ προφέρονται μονοσυλλάβως, τοῦ 'ι' γραφομένου μὴ συνεκφωνουμένου ὧν καὶ ἡ περισπωμένη μένει μετὰ τὴν συναίρεσιν οἷον νῷν σφῷν. Αἱ τρίτου προσώπου ὀξύνονται πᾶσαι καὶ ἐγκλίνονται πᾶσαι, αἰτιατικῆς μὲν σφωέ »τίς τάρ σφωε θεῶν ἔριδι ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι«; (Α 8). εὐθεῖα γὰρ τούτου οὐκ ἔστι, διότι οὐδεμία ἐστὶν εὐθεῖα ἀντωνυμίας ἐγκλινομένης. γενικῆς καὶ δοτικῆς σφωΐν »καί σφωϊν δὸς ἄγειν« (Α 338)· τόνῳ μὲν μόνῳ τῆς τοῦ δευτέρου διήνεγκεν. ὥστε ὅτε μὲν περὶ Ἀθηνᾶς καὶ Ἥρας Ζεὺς πρὸς τὴν Ἶρίν φησιν, ἐγκλιτικῶς ἀναγινώσκομεν »γυιώσω μέν σφωϊν ὑφ´ ἅρμασιν ὠκέας ἵππους« (Θ 402). τρίτου γὰρ προσώπου. ὅτε δὲ πρὸς αὐτὰς ἡ Ἶρις, ὀρθοτονοῦντες προπερισπῶμεν »γυιώσειν μὲν σφῶϊν ὕφ´ ἅρμασιν ὠκέας ἵππους« (Θ 416).
It is circumflexed: »ἐμεῦ δ´ ἕλετο μέγαν ὅρκον« (Od. δ 746). Likewise in the second and the third: σέο σεῖο σεῦ σέθεν, ἕο εἷο εὗ ἕθεν. The dual forms of the first and second person, common and uninflected, are accented with a grave: νῶϊ, σφῶϊ. And in the accusative the Athenians utter these, by loss of the 'ι', as monosyllables, νώ σφώ, no longer with circumflex, although by the principle of apocope they ought to be circumflexed, as Ποσειδῶ, κυκεῶ. But nothing in the dual, in the nominative case and the accusative, ending in 'ω' is circumflexed; hence they were given an acute after the apocope. But their genitives νῶϊν σφῶϊν are accented with a pre-circumflex. And these the Attics pronounce by contraction as monosyllables, the 'ι' being written but not pronounced together, and in these the circumflex remains after the contraction, e.g. νῷν σφῷν. The forms of the third person are all given an acute and all are enclitic: in the accusative σφωέ, »τίς τάρ σφωε θεῶν ἔριδι ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι«; (Α 8). For there is no nominative of this, because there is no nominative of an enclitic pronoun. In the genitive and dative σφωΐν, »καί σφωϊν δὸς ἄγειν« (Α 338); it differs from that of the second person only in accent. Therefore, when Zeus speaks to Iris about Athena and Hera, we read enclitically: »γυιώσω μέν σφωϊν ὑφ´ ἅρμασιν ὠκέας ἵππους« (Θ 402), for it is of the third person. But when Iris speaks to them, giving it independent accent we accent with a pre-circumflex: »γυιώσειν μὲν σφῶϊν ὕφ´ ἅρμασιν ὠκέας ἵππους« (Θ 416).