Discussion of Greek reflexive and personal pronoun case forms (accusative loss in neuters), declension patterns, accentuation of nominative/genitive/dative, dual/plural -τερος endings, and possessive/ethnic derivative forms (ἐμός, ἡμέτερος, ἡμεδαπός).
ἐμαυτόν. ὁμοίως ἐπὶ δευτέρου καὶ τρίτου καὶ ἐπὶ θηλυκῶν ὁμοίως. αἱ γὰρ οὐδέτεραι κατὰ γενικὴν καὶ δοτικὴν τῷ ἀρσενικῷ ὁμοφωνοῦσιν, ἡ δὲ αἰτιατικὴ τῶν οὐδετέρων ἐκλέλοιπεν. ἐπεὶ ὁμόφωνοι μὲν ἐν οὐδετέροις ἡ εὐθεῖα καὶ αἰτιατική, οὐδέποτε δὲ εὐθεῖα ἀντωνυμίας συντίθεται, ἔνθεν συνεκλείπει ἡ αἰτιατική. εἰ δὲ ἅπαξ που παρ´ Εὐριπίδῃ εὕρηται τὸ σεαυτό (fr. 694 Nauck) εἶα δή, φίλον ξύλον ἔγειρέ μοι σεαυτό καὶ παρὰ Φιλήμονι τὸ αὐτό, ἀλλ´ οὐ τὸ σπάνιον τοῦ ὅλου κατέστησε κανόνας. Ἡ ὁ δεῖν περισπᾶται, κλίνεται δὲ τοῦ δεῖνος τῷ δεῖνι, τὸν δεῖνα. ἡ ὁ δεῖνα προπερισπᾶται, κλίνεται δὲ τοῦ δείνατος, τῷ δείνατι. εἰσὶ δὲ κοιναὶ τῶν τριῶν γενῶν. Αἱ κτητικαὶ τῶν ἀντωνυμιῶν, ὀνομάτων ἔχουσαι χαρακτῆρα, καὶ τὴν τῶν ὀνομάτων ἀναλογίαν ἔχουσιν. ἡ μὲν οὖν τῶν ἑνικῶν εὐθειῶν ὀξύνεται, ἀπὸ τῆς ἐμοῦ ὁ ἐμός καὶ κατ´ ἀκολουθίαν ταύτης καὶ ἡ αἰτιατικὴ ἐμόν, ἡ δὲ γενικὴ καὶ δοτικὴ περισπᾶται, ἐμοῦ, ἐμῷ. οἱ δὲ ἀριθμοὶ καὶ τὰ γένη ἀκολούθως τονοῦνται, ὡς καὶ τὰ εἰς 'ος' ὀνόματα. ὁμοίως καὶ ἡ σός καὶ ἑός. Αἱ διὰ τοῦ 'τερος', αἵτινές εἰσι δυϊκαὶ ἢ καὶ πληθυντικαί, πᾶσαι τρίτην ἀπὸ τέλους ἔχουσι τὴν ὀξεῖαν, δυϊκαὶ μὲν ἀπὸ τῆς νῶϊ νωΐτερος καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς σφῶϊ σφωΐτερος. ἀπὸ γὰρ τῆς τοῦ τρίτου δυϊκῆς οὐ γίνεται κτητικὴ παραγωγή, διότι αἱ μὲν τοῦ τρίτου δυϊκαὶ πᾶσαι ἐγκλίνονται, ἀπὸ δὲ ἐγκλινομένων οὐ γίνεται κτητικὴ ἀντωνυμία. πληθυντικαὶ δὲ ἀπὸ μὲν τῆς ἡμῶν ἡμέτερος καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ὑμῶν ὑμέτερος καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς σφῶν σφέτερος. ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς ἡμῶν καὶ ὑμῶν ἐγένετο ἐθνικὴ παραγωγή, ἡμεδαπός καὶ ὑμεδαπός, αἵτινες ὠξύνθησαν
ἐμαυτόν. Likewise in the second and third person, and likewise in the feminine. For the neuter forms in the genitive and dative are homophonous with the masculine, but the accusative of the neuters has dropped out. Since in neuters the nominative and accusative are homophonous, but a nominative of a pronoun is never compounded, from this it follows that the accusative too drops out along with it. But if once somewhere in Euripides there is found σεαυτό (fr. 694 Nauck), “Come then, dear piece of wood, rouse for me σεαυτό,” and in Philemon likewise αὐτό, still the rare does not establish rules for the whole. Ἡ ὁ δεῖν is circumflexed, and it is declined τοῦ δεῖνος, τῷ δεῖνι, τὸν δεῖνα. ἡ ὁ δεῖνα is circumflexed on the antepenult, and it is declined τοῦ δείνατος, τῷ δείνατι. And they are common to the three genders. The possessives of the pronouns, having the character of nouns, also have the analogy of nouns. The nominatives singular, then, are accented with an acute: from ἐμοῦ comes ὁ ἐμός, and in accordance with this the accusative too ἐμόν; but the genitive and dative are circumflexed, ἐμοῦ, ἐμῷ. The numbers and genders are accented correspondingly, as also the nouns in -ος. Likewise also ἡ σός and ἑός. Those in -τερος, which are dual or even plural, all have the acute on the third from the end: the duals from νῶϊ, νωΐτερος, and from σφῶϊ, σφωΐτερος. For from the third-person dual no possessive formation is produced, because the third-person duals are all enclitic, and from enclitics no possessive pronoun is produced. The plurals are from ἡμῶν, ἡμέτερος, and from ὑμῶν, ὑμέτερος, and from σφῶν, σφέτερος. And from ἡμῶν and ὑμῶν an ethnic formation arose, ἡμεδαπός and ὑμεδαπός, which were accented with an acute.