Treats accentuation and vowel/diphthong alternations in Greek adverbs and endings: discusses ὀψέ (paroxytone vs oxytone) and the adverb αἰέ/αἰεί, dialectal pronunciations and accent shifts among Aeolic, Doric, Attic, Boeotian, Laconian, Tarentine, and related changes (e.g., ι substitution, diphthong shifts, loss of ν). Includes examples like «ὀψὲ δύων» and notes on syllable weight and position.
καὶ αἴθε βαρύνεται μέν, οὐ περισπᾶται δὲ ὡς τὸ τῆλε καὶ ὧδε, ἀλλὰ παροξύνεται, ὅτι περιττή ἐστιν ἡ 'θε' συλλαβή. τὸ μέντοι ὀψέ ὀξύνεται· ἔστι δὲ μόνον εἰς 'ψε' λῆγον ἐπίρρημα, ὅπερ ἐν συνθέσει φιλεῖ τρέπειν τὸ 'ε' εἰς 'ι'· διὸ τὸ «ὀψὲ δύων» (Φ 232) ἐν δυσὶ μέρεσι λόγου· εἰ γὰρ ἦν σύνθετον, διὰ τοῦ 'ι' ἐγράφετο ὀψιδύων ὡς ὀψιμαθής, ὀψιτέλεστον. οὕτως δὲ καὶ τὸ «ὀψὲ δύοντα Βοώτην» (ε 272). ἤδη μέντοι Αἰολεῖς καὶ ἐν ἁπλῇ προφορᾷ διὰ τοῦ 'ι' αὐτὸ ἀποφαίνονται «ὄψι γὰρ ἄρξατο». καὶ τὸ αἰέ ὀξύνεται, ὃ χωρὶς τοῦ 'ν' καὶ μετὰ τοῦ 'ν' λέγεται. δωδεκαχῶς δὲ λέγεται ἀεί τὸ ἐπίρρημα. αἰεί αἰέν παρὰ Δωριεῦσιν· παρὰ δὲ Ἀττικοῖς κατὰ συστολὴν τοῦ 'α' ἀεί. ἀλλὰ καὶ κατ´ ἔκτασιν τοῦ 'α' ἀεί. παρὰ δὲ Αἰολεῦσιν τῆς ἀρχούσης ἐχούσης τὴν 'αι' δίφθογγον, τοῦ δὲ τέλους τὸ 'ι' συστελλόμενον βαρυτόνως αἶι· λέγεται δὲ παρ´ αὐτοῖς καὶ σὺν τῷ 'ν' αἶιν. γίνεται δὲ παρ´ αὐτοῖς καὶ κατὰ συστολὴν τῆς ἀρχούσης ἄϊν καὶ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ 'ν' ἄϊ βαρυτόνως. Λάκωνες δὲ αἰές φασίν. λέγεται δὲ καὶ αἰέ δίχα τοῦ 'ν' καὶ τοῦ 'ς' διὰ τῆς 'αι' διφθόγγου κατ´ ἀρχὴν καὶ διὰ τοῦ 'ε' κατὰ τὸ τέλος. Βοιωτοὶ δὲ ἠΐ διὰ τοῦ 'η' καὶ μακροῦ τοῦ 'ι' κατὰ τὴν λήγουσαν· λέγεται δὲ καὶ αἰή διὰ τοῦ 'η' παρὰ Ταραντίνοις φυλαττομένης τῆς κατ´ ἀρχὴν 'αι' διφθόγγου τροπῇ τῆς 'ει' διφθόγγου εἰς 'η'. —τὰ δὲ ἔχοντα τὸ 'τ', πυσματικὰ μὲν ὄντα ἢ ἀνταποδοτικὰ
And αἴθε is indeed given a grave accent, but it is not circumflexed like τῆλε and ὧδε; rather it is accented on the penult, because the syllable θε is supernumerary. ὀψέ, however, is accented acute; and it is the only adverb ending in ψε, which in composition is accustomed to change ε into ι. Therefore «ὀψὲ δύων» (Φ 232) is in two parts of speech; for if it were a compound, it would be written with ι, ὀψιδύων, like ὀψιμαθής, ὀψιτέλεστον. So too «ὀψὲ δύοντα Βοώτην» (ε 272). The Aeolians, however, already even in simple utterance pronounce it with ι: «ὄψι γὰρ ἄρξατο». And αἰέ is accented acute, which is said both without ν and with ν. The adverb ἀεί is said in twelve ways: αἰεί, αἰέν among the Dorians; but among the Attics, by contraction of α, ἀεί; and also by lengthening of α, ἀεί. Among the Aeolians, with the initial having the diphthong αι, and the final ι being contracted, with a grave accent, αἶι; and among them it is also said with ν, αἶιν. Among them it also arises, by contraction of the initial, ἄϊν, and by dropping ν, ἄϊ with a grave accent. The Laconians say αἰές. It is also said αἰέ without ν and without ς, with the diphthong αι at the beginning and with ε at the end. The Boeotians say ἠΐ with η and with long ι at the ending; and among the Tarentines it is also said αἰή with η, the initial diphthong αι being preserved, by a change of the diphthong ει into η. —And the forms that have τ, being interrogative or responsive…