Accentuation and weight of Greek names ending in -δας, -ας, -κας, -θας and related endings; examples of place and personal names and accent rules.
Σατύργας. Στροάγας. τὸ μέντοι φυγάς ὀξύνεται οὐκ ἔχον τὸ 'α' ἐκτεταμένον. σεσημείωται τὸ ἀτταγᾶς περισπώμενον, ὅπερ καὶ ἀτταγήν λέγεται, καὶ τὸ Αἰγᾶς καὶ τὸ Ἀργᾶς. Τὰ εἰς 'δας' βαρύνεται, εἰ μὴ διὰ τοῦ 'δος' κλίνοιτο, ἢ συναληλιμμένα εἴη ἢ ὑποκοριστικά, Ἴδας, Λάδας, Δάδας, Σφάδας, Κλύδας, Λήδας, Δέρδας, Μίδας, Οἴδας οἱ κατοικοῦντες Οἰδάντιον πόλιν Ἰλλυριῶν, ὥς φησιν Ἑκαταῖος, Μείδας, Σακάδας, Τιμαχίδας, Θρακίδας, Λεωνίδας, Βρασίδας, Χαρμάδας, Ἀφείδας βασιλεὺς καὶ ἔθνος Μολοσσῶν, Χαρίδας. τὸ μέντοι Θευδᾶς περισπᾶται ὡς Μητρᾶς, Ζηνᾶς, Πυθᾶς. τὸ δὲ Κερκιδᾶς ἀπὸ συναλοιφῆς. τὸ δὲ...... διὰ τοῦ 'δος' κλίνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'ας' ἐκτεταμένον, ἔχοντα πρὸ τοῦ 'α' ἓν τῶν διπλῶν βαρύνονται, Βύζας ὁ Κεροέσσης τῆς Ἰοῦς θυγατρὸς καὶ Ποσειδῶνος καὶ ἔθνος Λιβυκόν, ἀφ´ οὗ ἡ πόλις Βυζάντιον. παρ´ Ἡροδότῳ δὲ ἐν τετάρτῃ (c. 194) διὰ τοῦ 'γ' Γύζαντες. Ἐλίξας, Ἄψας. Πύζας, Ἀρίζας, Ἀνάξας, Γαρτάζας. τὸ μέντοι ὑψᾶς περισπᾶται καὶ τὸ ἑξᾶς ἐπὶ ποσότητος ὄν. * Τὰ εἰς 'θας' βαρύνονται, Στρούθας, Παγάθας, Ἄρθας, Ἀόρθας. * Τὰ εἰς 'κας' βαρύνονται, Πελέκας, Περδίκκας, Κώκας, Κρίκας ποταμός, Σάκας, Λάκας, Πολύκκας ποταμὸς Μακεδονίας, Ματάκας ὄνομα εὐνούχου, Ἰνδύκας, Κοτύκας βασιλεὺς Παφλαγονίας. Ἑλίκας ὁ Λυκάονος. Καραμβύκας ποταμὸς Ἐλιξοίας νήσου καὶ ὁ νησιώτης ὁμοφώνως, ὡς Ἑκαταῖος ὁ Ἀβδηρίτης. τὸ δὲ Ἀρκάς συστελλόμενον ἔχον τὸ 'α' ὀξύνεται. Τὰ εἰς 'λας' δι´ ἑνὸς 'λ' βαρύνονται, εἰ μὴ ἐκ συναλοιφῆς εἴη, Γέλας ποταμὸς Σικελίας, ὃς οὕτω καλεῖται, ὅτι πολλὴν πάχνην γεννᾷ. ταύτην γὰρ τῇ Ὀπικῶν φωνῇ καὶ Σικελῶν γέλαν λέγεσθαι. Ὕλας,
Σατύργας. Στροάγας. φυγάς, however, is accented with an acute, since it does not have the α lengthened. ἀτταγᾶς is noted as having a circumflex, which is also said as ἀτταγήν, and likewise Αἰγᾶς and Ἀργᾶς. Words in -δας are accented with a grave, unless they are declined through -δος, or are contracted, or are diminutives: Ἴδας, Λάδας, Δάδας, Σφάδας, Κλύδας, Λήδας, Δέρδας, Μίδας, Οἴδας—the inhabitants of the city Οἰδάντιον of the Illyrians, as Hecataeus says—Μεΐδας, Σακάδας, Τιμαχίδας, Θρακίδας, Λεωνίδας, Βρασίδας, Χαρμάδας, Ἀφείδας, a king and a people of the Molossians, Χαρίδας. Θευδᾶς, however, has a circumflex, like Μητρᾶς, Ζηνᾶς, Πυθᾶς. Κερκιδᾶς is from contraction. But … is declined through -δος. Words in -ας with lengthened α, having before the α one of the double consonants, are accented with a grave: Βύζας, the son of Ceroessa, daughter of Io, and of Poseidon, and a Libyan people, from whom the city Byzantium; but in Herodotus in the fourth book (c. 194) with γ, Γύζαντες. Ἐλίξας, Ἄψας. Πύζας, Ἀρίζας, Ἀνάξας, Γαρτάζας. ὑψᾶς, however, has a circumflex, and likewise ἑξᾶς when it is a matter of quantity. Words in -θας are accented with a grave: Στρούθας, Παγάθας, Ἄρθας, Ἀόρθας. Words in -κας are accented with a grave: Πελέκας, Περδίκκας, Κώκας, Κρίκας, a river, Σάκας, Λάκας, Πολύκκας, a river of Macedonia, Ματάκας, the name of a eunuch, Ἰνδύκας, Κοτύκας, king of Paphlagonia. Ἑλίκας, son of Lycaon. Καραμβύκας, a river of the island Ἐλιξοία, and the islander likewise, as Hecataeus of Abdera. But Ἀρκάς, with the α shortened, is accented with an acute. Words in -λας with single λ are accented with a grave, unless they are from contraction: Γέλας, a river of Sicily, which is so called because it produces much hoarfrost; for this, in the speech of the Opici and Sicels, is said to be γέλαν. Ὕλας,