Τὸ 'α' πρὸ τοῦ 'ζ' ψιλοῦται, τὸ ἄζω ἐπὶ τοῦ ξηραίνω ψιλοῦται, ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ σέβομαι δασύνεται, ἅζω. Τὸ 'α' πρὸ τοῦ 'κ' ψιλοῦται, ἀκοή, ἄκμων, ἀκόνη. Τὸ 'α' πρὸ τοῦ 'λ' ἑνὸς ἢ δισσοῦ ψιλοῦται οἷον ἄλλος, ἀλλότριος, ἀλύω «δινεύεσκ´ ἀλύων» (Ω 12), «ἄλεται» (Λ 192), ἀλήμεναι. ἠλόγητο τὸ ἅλλομαι δασυνόμενον καὶ τάχα μὲν τὸ ἆλτο ἀπέλαβε τὸ προοφειλόμενον πνεῦμα· τάχα δ´ ὅπερ καὶ μᾶλλον, ἐπεὶ τὸ 'α' καταλῆγον εἰς 'λ' ἐπιφερομένου στοιχείου ἑνὸς τῶν τῆς τρίτης συζυγίας ψιλοῦται «Ἄλτεω ὃς Λελέγεσσι» (Il. Φ 86), «ληΐου ἀλδήσκοντος» (Il. Ψ 599), «ἄλθετο χείρ» (Il. Ε 417)· ἔνθεν τινὲς καὶ τὸ «ὃς τοῦτον τὸν ἄναλτον» (Od. σ 114) ψιλῶς προφέρονται. δασύνεται τὸ ἅλς καὶ τὰ παρ´ αὐτό, ἅλιος παρὰ τὴν ἁλός γενικὴν ποιητικῶς μετενεχθέν. σημαντικὸν δέ ἐστι τοῦ ματαίου, ἐπεὶ οὐκ εὔχρηστον εἰς πόσιν τὸ θαλάσσιον ὕδωρ, τὸ γοῦν ἐναντίον πότιμον καὶ ποταμός λέγεται. Ἁλίζωνες. Ἁλαί, ὡς καὶ ἐν δράματι Μενάνδρου ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀραφηνίσιν Ἁλαῖς διακεῖσθαι τὰ πράγματα, ὅ ἐστι τόπος Ἀττικῆς. τὸ Ἀλήϊον (Ζ 201) οἱ μὲν ἐψίλωσαν ἀπὸ τῆς ἄλης τοῦ Βελλεροφόντου, οἱ δὲ ἐδάσυναν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἅλας ἐκεῖ πήγνυσθαι· βέλτιον δὲ τὸ πρότερον. τὸ ἀλωή, εἰ μὲν σημαίνει τὴν ἅλωνα, δασύνεται, εἰ δὲ τὴν ἀμπελόφυτον γῆν, ψιλοῦται. Ὁμοίως καὶ τὸ 'ι' πρὸ τοῦ 'λ' ἑνὸς ἢ δισσοῦ ψιλοῦται, ἴλλειν καὶ τὸ 'ω', ὦλλος καὶ τὸ 'ε'. σεσημείωται τὸ Ἕλλην, Ἑλλάς. * Τὸ 'α' πρὸ τοῦ 'μ' ἢ ἑνὸς ἢ δισσοῦ ψιλοῦται, ἀμνός, ἄμαχος πλὴν τοῦ ἅμα καὶ τῶν ἐξ αὐτοῦ, ἁμαρτῇ, ἁματροχιά. τὸ δὲ ἄμαξα εἰς ἰδιότητα ἐψίλωσαν οἱ πρὸ ἡμῶν, ἐπεὶ ἡ συναλοιφὴ οὕτως εὑρέθη «τιλλέσθην ἐπ´ ἄμαξαν» (Ω 711) καὶ «οἱ δ´ ὑπ´ ἀμάξῃσιν» (Ω 782) ὥσπερ καὶ τὸ ἅλυσις ἐκ τοῦ ἐναντίου ἐδασύνθη εἰς ἰδιότητα. Ἀττικοὶ μέντοι
The ‘α’ before ‘ζ’ is pronounced with smooth breathing: ἄζω in the sense ‘I dry’ is pronounced with smooth breathing, but in the sense ‘I revere’ it is pronounced with rough breathing, ἅζω. The ‘α’ before ‘κ’ is pronounced with smooth breathing: ἀκοή, ἄκμων, ἀκόνη. The ‘α’ before ‘λ’, whether single or double, is pronounced with smooth breathing, as for example ἄλλος, ἀλλότριος, ἀλύω, “δινεύεσκ᾽ ἀλύων” (Ω 12), “ἄλεται” (Λ 192), ἀλήμεναι. The fact that ἅλλομαι is pronounced with rough breathing has been questioned; and perhaps ἆλτο received the breathing that was due to it; or perhaps rather (and this is more likely), since ‘α’ ending in ‘λ’, when a following letter is one of those of the third conjugation, is pronounced with smooth breathing—“Ἄλτεω ὃς Λελέγεσσι” (Il. Φ 86), “ληΐου ἀλδήσκοντος” (Il. Ψ 599), “ἄλθετο χείρ” (Il. Ε 417)—for this reason some also pronounce “ὃς τοῦτον τὸν ἄναλτον” (Od. σ 114) with smooth breathing. ἅλς and the words derived from it are pronounced with rough breathing; and ἅλιος, from the genitive ἁλός, transferred poetically. It signifies what is vain, since sea-water is not serviceable for drinking; at any rate the opposite is called πότιμον and ποταμός. Ἁλίζωνες. Ἁλαί, as also in a play of Menander, from the fact that matters are situated at Ἁλαί in Ἀραφηνίσιν, which is a place in Attica. Ἀλήϊον (Ζ 201) some pronounced with smooth breathing from the ἄλη of Bellerophon, while others pronounced it with rough breathing from the notion that salt (ἅλας) congeals there; but the former is better. ἀλωή, if it means the threshing-floor (ἅλωνα), is pronounced with rough breathing, but if it means vine-planted land, it is pronounced with smooth breathing. Likewise ‘ι’ before ‘λ’, whether single or double, is pronounced with smooth breathing: ἴλλειν; and ‘ω’: ὦλλος; and ‘ε’. Ἕλλην, Ἑλλάς are marked as exceptions. The ‘α’ before ‘μ’, whether single or double, is pronounced with smooth breathing: ἀμνός, ἄμαχος—except ἅμα and the words derived from it, ἁμαρτῇ, ἁματροχιά. But ἄμαξα, as a peculiarity, the ancients pronounced with smooth breathing, since the crasis was found thus: “τιλλέσθην ἐπ᾽ ἄμαξαν” (Ω 711) and “οἱ δ᾽ ὑπ᾽ ἀμάξῃσιν” (Ω 782), just as ἅλυσις, from the opposite, was given rough breathing as a peculiarity. The Attic writers, however…