Describes accentuation and inflection patterns of Ancient Greek adjectives and proper names ending in -ης: formation of genitive in -ους, when adjectives become oxytone or barytone, syncopation behavior, examples (ψευδής, πρηνής, Ἑρμῆς, Ἀρτεμῆς), dialectal and morphological variants, and related forms (-εας, -ηεις) with citations to Homer.
Τὰ εἰς 'ης' ἐπιθετικὰ δισύλλαβα εἰς 'ους' τὴν γενικὴν ποιοῦντα καὶ μὴ παθόντα συγκοπὴν ὀξύνεται, ψευδής, πρηνής, ζαής, ἁλής, σαφής, πρυλής, φραδής, νωθής. τὸ δὲ πλήρης βαρύνεται, πλειήρης γάρ, ὡς ξιφήρης, ὀλιγήρης. καὶ τὸ Ἄρης κύριον. Τὰ εἰς 'ης' δισύλλαβα κύρια ἔχοντα 'υ' ἐν τῇ παραληγούσῃ περισπᾶται, Μυῆς, Θυῆς, Κυῆς· βαρύνεται δὲ τὸ Βρύης, Κύης, Γύης περιττοσύλλαβα. τὸ γύης δὲ οὐ κύριον, ἔστι δὲ μέτρον τι γῆς καὶ μέρος ἀρότρου κατὰ Ἡσίοδον. Τὰ εἰς 'ης' κύρια ἀπὸ ἐντελεστέρου περισπᾶται, Ἑρμῆς, Θαλῆς, Πυλῆς, Ποδῆς ὁ παρ´ Ὁμήρῳ (Ρ 590), Φαλῆς, Κισσῆς, Σωσῆς. * Τὰ παρὰ τὸ ἄω συντιθέμενα καὶ εἰς 'ης' λήγοντα ὀξύνεται, ἀκραής, δυσαής, ὑπεραής. Τὰ παρὰ τὸ κλέος ἐπίθετα ὄντα ὀξύνεται, εὐκλεής, ἀκλεής, δυσκλεής. κύρια δὲ ὄντα ἐν μὲν τῇ ἐντελείᾳ βαρύνεται, ἐν δὲ τῇ συναιρέσει περισπᾶται, Ἡρακλέης, Ἡρακλῆς, Σωκλῆς, Προκλῆς, Σοφοκλῆς. ὡς καὶ τὰ εἰς 'εας' Ἀρτεμέας Ἀρτεμῆς, Θαλέας Θαλῆς, Ἀπελλέας Ἀπελλῆς. Τὰ εἰς 'ης' ἀπὸ τῶν εἰς 'ηεις' περισπῶνται, τιμῆς »τιμῆς ἔσεται« (Ι 605) οὕτως καὶ τὴν αἰτιατικὴν εἶπε »καὶ χρυσὸν τιμῆντα« (Il. Σ 475). τινὲς μὲν τὸ τιμῆς ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ τιμήεις διὰ τοῦ 'ι' γράφουσιν, ἀλλὰ λόγος ἐστίν, ὡς πᾶσα εὐθεῖα ἀρσενικοῦ ὀνόματος ἐν τῇ τελευταίᾳ δύο ἔχουσα φωνήεντα ταῦτα ἐκφωνεῖ χωρὶς τοῦ Θρᾷξ. καὶ ἄλλως οἱ Δωριεῖς ἄνευ τοῦ 'ι' προφέρονται τιμῆες χαρίες αἱματόες καὶ ἡμεῖς λοιπὸν προσθέσει τοῦ 'ι' γράφομεν. τεχνῆς, δαφνῆς, φθογγῆς, σθενῆς, λαχνῆς, ζαχρῆς, ἀργῆς. τὸ δὲ »ὑψιπέτης« (Il. Μ 202) Ἀρίσταρχος ἐβάρυνεν εὑρὼν τὸ »ὠκυπέτα χρυσέῃσιν ἐθείρῃσιν« (Il. Θ 42) οὕτως κεκλιμένον ὡσεὶ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ παντοπώλης παντοπῶλα. πρόδηλον
Disyllabic adjectival forms in -ης that make the genitive in -ους and have not undergone syncope are accented with an acute: ψευδής, πρηνής, ζαής, ἁλής, σαφής, πρυλής, φραδής, νωθής. But πλήρης is accented with a grave, for πλειήρης, as ξιφήρης, ὀλιγήρης. And Ἄρης is a proper name. Disyllabic proper names in -ης that have υ in the penult are circumflexed: Μυῆς, Θυῆς, Κυῆς; but Βρύης, Κύης, Γύης, being trisyllabic, are accented with a grave. But γύης is not a proper name; it is a certain measure of land and a part of a plough according to Hesiod. Proper names in -ης derived from a fuller form are circumflexed: Ἑρμῆς, Θαλῆς, Πυλῆς, Ποδῆς, the one in Homer (Ρ 590), Φαλῆς, Κισσῆς, Σωσῆς. Those compounded with ἄω and ending in -ης are accented with an acute: ἀκραής, δυσαής, ὑπεραής. Adjectives formed from κλέος are accented with an acute: εὐκλεής, ἀκλεής, δυσκλεής. But when they are proper names, in the full form they are accented with a grave, while in the contracted form they are circumflexed: Ἡρακλέης, Ἡρακλῆς, Σωκλῆς, Προκλῆς, Σοφοκλῆς; just as also the forms in -εας: Ἀρτεμέας, Ἀρτεμῆς; Θαλéas, Θαλῆς; Ἀπελλéas, Ἀπελλῆς. Forms in -ης derived from those in -ηεις are circumflexed: τιμῆς—“τιμῆς ἔσεται” (Ι 605); and thus he also used the accusative: “καὶ χρυσὸν τιμῆντα” (Il. Σ 475). Some write τιμῆς as from τιμήεις with ι, but there is a principle: every nominative of a masculine noun that has two vowels in the final syllable pronounces them separately, except Θρᾷξ. And besides, the Dorians pronounce without ι: τιμῆες, χαρίες, αἱματόες; and we accordingly write them with the addition of ι. τεχνῆς, δαφνῆς, φθογγῆς, σθενῆς, λαχνῆς, ζαχρῆς, ἀργῆς. But “ὑψιπέτης” (Il. Μ 202) Aristarchus accented with a grave, having found “ὠκυπέτα χρυσέῃσιν ἐθείρῃσιν” (Il. Θ 42) thus declined, as though also from παντοπώλης, παντοπῶλα. It is evident.